Structure of turbulent round bubbling jet generated by premixed gas and liquid injection

Self-Similarity of Vertical Bubbly Jets

“…(7) provides bubble slip velocities ranging from about 1.3 to 2.1 times higher than the corresponding terminal velocities reported by Clift et al (1978) for individual bubbles. On the other hand, the mean bubble diameter d b can be obtained by adjusting the following relationship to the experimental data of Sun and Faeth (1986a,b), Iguchi et al (1997), Lima Neto et al (2008b and Zhang and Zhu (2013): 4 0.3 10 0.1 Re…”

“…Such two-phase flows are encountered in diverse engineering applications, including gas-liquid mass transfer, heat transfer and turbulent mixing in reactors, tanks and water bodies (Sun and Faeth, 1986a;Iguchi et al, 1997;Morchain et al, 2000;Mueller et al, 2002;Lima Neto et al, 2007;Suñol and González-Cinca, 2010;Norman and Revankar, 2011;Lima Neto, 2012b;Zhang and Zhu, 2013).…”

“…The first comprehensive investigation on this subject was reported by Sun and Faeth (1986a,b), who studied vertical bubbly jets with gas volume fractions at the nozzle of up to about 9% and found that mean and turbulent properties of the flow were not significantly affected by the inter-phase transport. Kumar et al (1989) and Iguchi et al (1997) conducted experiments on vertical bubbly jets with gas volume fractions of up to 19 and 49%, respectively, and found that increases in this parameter increased slightly the mean liquid velocity, but increased significantly its fluctuating components. Iguchi et al (1997) also found that radial distributions of mean and turbulent liquid velocities could be fitted to Gaussian distributions.…”

“…Kumar et al (1989) and Iguchi et al (1997) conducted experiments on vertical bubbly jets with gas volume fractions of up to 19 and 49%, respectively, and found that increases in this parameter increased slightly the mean liquid velocity, but increased significantly its fluctuating components. Iguchi et al (1997) also found that radial distributions of mean and turbulent liquid velocities could be fitted to Gaussian distributions. Lima Neto et al (2008b) investigated vertical bubbly jets with gas volume fractions of up to about 80% and found that the mean liquid velocity increased significantly with the gas volume fraction.…”

“…In addition, Lima Neto et al (2008b) obtained slip (or relative) velocities larger than the terminal velocities reported by Clift et al (1978) for individual bubbles, and suggested that a nozzle Reynolds number larger than 8.000 is needed to produce relatively small bubbles with approximately uniform diameters. Note that while the studies of Sun and Faeth (1986a,b), Kumar et al (1989) and Iguchi et al (1997) were carried out in confined setups (as discussed by Lima Neto et al, 2008c), the study of Lima Neto et al (2008b) was performed in a large tank, in which the bubbly jets were located far enough from the walls so that they could behave as free jets. Other experimental studies on bubbly jets including the effects of angled-injections, crossflow, collision or periodical excitation of such two-phase flows have also been performed (Varley, 1995;Milenkovic et al, 2007;Lima Neto et al, 2008d;Suñol and González-Cinca, 2010;Zhang and Zhu, 2013).…”