Structure of the zygotic embryos and seedlings of Butia capitata (Arecaceae)

Magalhães, Hélida Mara; Lopes, Paulo Sérgio Nascimento; Ribeiro, Leonardo Monteiro; Sant’Anna-Santos, Bruno Francisco; Oliveira, Denise María Trombert

doi:10.1007/s00468-012-0797-1

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The in vitro cultivation of palm zygotic embryos has been shown to result in germination in less time than that required for germination from seed (Magalhães et al, 2013;Pádua et al, 2014). However, in this study, great variation in embryonic dormancy was observed between embryos from different plants of the same source such that dormancy appears to vary depending on the mother plant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Embryonic dormancy in seeds of Bactris gasipaes Kunth (peach-palm)

Nazário

Ferreira

Borges³

2017

J. Seed Sci.

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-Bactris gasipaes is a domesticated palm whose fruits are of great importance for the Amazonian people and whose heart of palm is also receiving economic interest in other brazilian and Latin America regions. The aim of this study was verify embryonic dormancy and its correlation with first cataphyll emergence in B. gasipaes seeds collected from four plants at Manaus city and four others at Coari city, both in the Amazonas state, Brazil. After extraction and cleaning, some of the seeds (4 replications of 25 per plant) were sown in a seedbed with a sawdust and sand mixture as substrate, and embryos (4 replications of 10 per plant), after extraction, were inoculated into half strength Murashige and Skoog cultures. Were used 100 seeds and 40 embryo per treatment. Whole seed and embryo germination varied between the different source plants and locations, with the greatest difference observed for the emergence of first cataphyll from seeds in the seedbed. For the most part of variables, results of seed and embryo were positively associated, namely, as one went up the other also, and vice versa. These results suggesting that, at least in part, seed dormancy in Bactris gasipaes is associated with embryonic dormancy.Index terms: Arecaceae, embryo, emergence, germination. Dormência embrionária em sementes de Bactris gasipaes Kunth (pupunha)RESUMO -Bactris gasipaes é uma palmeira domesticada com frutos de grande importância para os povos da Amazônia cujo palmito tem tido interesse econômico em outras regiões brasileiras e América Latina. Este estudo objetivou verificar a dormência embrionária e sua correlação com a emergência do primeiro catáfilo em sementes de B. gasipaes coletadas de quatro plantas na cidade de Manaus e quatro na de Coari, Amazonas, Brasil. Após extração e lavagem, algumas das sementes (4 repetições de 25 por planta) foram semeadas em sementeira contendo uma mistura de serragem e areia como substrato, e os embriões (4 repetições de 10 por planta), após a extração, foram inoculados em meio de cultura Murashige e Skoog. Foram utilizadas 100 sementes e 40 embriões por tratamento. A germinação das sementes integrais bem como a germinação de embriões variaram entre as diferentes plantas e procedências, com maior diferença observada para o surgimento do primeiro catáfilo a partir de sementes inteiras. Para a maior parte das variáveis, os resultados foram positivamente associados entre sementes e embriões. Estes resultados sugerem que a dormência em sementes de B. gasipaes pode ser atribuída, ao menos em parte, à dormência embrionária.Termos para indexação: Arecaceae, embrião, emergência, germinação.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Embryonic dormancy in seeds of Bactris gasipaes Kunth (peach-palm)

Nazário

Ferreira

Borges³

2017

J. Seed Sci.

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“…The presence of stomata in the proximal region of the cotyledonary petiole in macaw palm was considered an indication that gas exchange was especially important for germination (Ribeiro et al ). Success in overcoming palm seed dormancy by removing the operculum (Hussey , Carpenter et al , Neves et al , Oliveira et al ) or by in vitro cultivation of isolated embryos (Pech y Aké et al , , Ribeiro et al , ) has been attributed to the removal of mechanical restrictions on the embryo (Neves et al , Magalhães et al , Oliveira et al ). We propose here that germination is stimulated by alterations in GA/ABA ratios, and possibly by metabolic alterations caused by greater oxygen availability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The family Arecaceae demonstrates morphological dormancy associated with embryo immaturity (Baskin and Baskin , Orozco‐Segovia et al , Perez et al ). Recent work with macaw palm seeds (Ribeiro et al , , ) and other palms species from Cerrado biome (Neves et al , Magalhães et al , Oliveira et al ), has however demonstrated that their dormancy is of the physiological non‐profound type ( sensu Baskin and Baskin ) and is related to the incapacity of the embryo to overcome the resistance of the operculum (a structure formed by the opercular tegument and micropylar endosperm). While physiological dormancy is known to be strongly controlled by alterations in the hormonal profile of seeds (Kucera et al , Nonogaki et al ), studies on this issue in palms have been restricted to a single study in Elaeis guineensis Jacq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue‐specific hormonal profiling during dormancy release in macaw palm seeds

Ribeiro

Garcia

Müller

et al. 2014

Physiologia Plantarum

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Little is known about the control exerted by hormones in specific tissues during germination and post-germinative development in monocot seeds, whose embryos have complex structures and can remain dormant for long periods of time. Here the tissue-specific hormonal profile of macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata) seeds overcoming dormancy and seedling during initial development was examined. Endogenous hormonal concentrations were determined in the cotyledonary petiole, haustorium, operculum, endosperm adjacent to the embryo and peripheral endosperm of dry dormant seeds, imbibed seeds trapped in phase I of germination, and germinating (phase 2 and phase 3) seeds 2, 5, 10 and 15 days after sowing. Evaluations were performed on seeds treated for overcoming dormancy by removal of the operculum and by immersion in a gibberellic acid (GA3 ) solution. Removal of the operculum effectively helped in overcoming dormancy, which was associated with the synthesis of active gibberellins (GAs) and cytokinins (CKs), as well as reductions of abscisic acid (ABA) in the cotyledonary petiole. In imbibed seeds trapped in phase I of germination, exogenous GA3 caused an increase in active GAs in the cotyledonary petiole and operculum and reduction in ABA in the operculum. Initial seedling development was associated with increases in the CK/auxin ratio in the haustorium and GA levels in the endosperm which is possibly related to the mobilization of metabolic reserves. Increases in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) concentrations were associated with the development of the vegetative axis. Hormones play a crucial tissue-specific role in the control of dormancy, germination and initial development of seedlings in macaw palm, including a central role not only for GAs and ABA, but also for CKs and other hormones.

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“…The remote germination might have an adaptive purpose for palm trees for distribution in areas subjected to drought, or in areas affected by fire and other disturbances, as the establishment of seedling at a great depth makes it less susceptible to distress (Orozco-Segovia et al 2003). Magalhães et al (2013) characterized the seedling development of B. capitata obtained from germinated embryos and cultured in vitro at 25 °C. The authors verified that embryos initiated the expansion of the sheath leaf between the 12th and 16th day, and in total, 86% of the embryos germinated during this period.…”

Section: Viability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick seeds of fruits collected at three maturation stages

et al. 2018

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Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick is a palm species that has potential for economic and environmental applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seed viability of a B. odorata population using two methods, as well as the water content at three ripening stages, the average number of fruits per infructescence, and the thousand-diaspore weight. Fruits and seeds were analyzed from the beginning of ripening stage to the partial dehiscence stage. The percentage humidity of the diaspores collected from the beginning of ripening to the dehiscence of fruits ranged between 16.8% and 19.8%. However, one week after pulping, when the seeds were maintained in a dry and ventilated environment, the water content decreased to 11.06%, regardless of the fruit ripening stage. The average mass of 1000 diaspores was 1.9 kg, with variation among the mother plants. We recorded an average of 860 fruits per infructescence and around 1,570 viable seeds. Around 2% of these seeds lacked an embryo. The viability was 83%.

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Structure of the zygotic embryos and seedlings of Butia capitata (Arecaceae)

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Embryonic dormancy in seeds of Bactris gasipaes Kunth (peach-palm)

Embryonic dormancy in seeds of Bactris gasipaes Kunth (peach-palm)

Tissue‐specific hormonal profiling during dormancy release in macaw palm seeds

Analysis of Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick seeds of fruits collected at three maturation stages

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