Structure of the canine oesophagus

Esophageal Dysfunction in Dogs with Idiopathic Laryngeal Paralysis: A Controlled Cohort Study

“…Review of veterinary anatomical and surgical publications highlights variable reporting of the nerve supply to the esophagus and larynx 1,44–46,49,51,57–59 . Accurate anatomic and functional studies of esophageal and laryngeal innervation have been performed in the dog, and reveal the consistent presence of paired pRLNs supplying the cervical and cranial thoracic esophagus 49,60–62 . The pRLNs branch from the RLNs close to their parent vagus nerves in the thorax.…”

“…The right pRLN gives off many branches to the trachea and cervical esophagus along its course. Each pRLN continues cranially to anastomose with the internal branch of the cranial laryngeal nerve via the ramus anastomoticus, whereas each RLN terminates as the caudal laryngeal nerve to innervate the intrinsic muscles of the larynx 45,49 . Watson described 3 regions of esophageal innervation in the dog: the cervical esophagus, innervated from the paired pharyngoesophageal and pRLNs; the cranial thoracic esophagus, mainly supplied by the left pRLN; and the caudal thoracic esophagus via the thoracic vagi and the vagal nerve trunks.…”

“…Postoperative aspiration pneumonia has been attributed to the surgical procedure, which renders the airway more susceptible to laryngotracheal aspiration. A rarely cited pair of nerves, the pararecurrent laryngeal nerves (pRLNs), branch off the RLNs as they arise from the vagus nerve and run parallel and dorsal to the RLNs, supplying the cervical and cranial thoracic esophagus, and trachea 44–49 . It has been well established that the RLNs degenerate in ILP.…”

Evaluation of Pharyngeal Function in Dogs with Laryngeal Paralysis Before and After Unilateral Arytenoid Lateralization

“…Anatomic and functional studies of esophageal and laryngeal innervation in the dog reveal the consistent presence of the pRLNs supplying the cervical and cranial thoracic esophagus . The pRLNs branch from the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) close to their parent vagus nerves in the thorax and run cranially to anastomose with the internal branch of the cranial laryngeal nerve via the ramus anastomoticus.…”

Uso de Bortezomibe (PS-341) em cães da raça Golden Retriever afetados pela Distrofia Muscular Progressiva (GRMD) - Avaliação da viabilidade da terapia e reestruturação da Distrofina Muscular

“…Essa diferença ocorre porque o esôfago canino difere do humano por conter maior expressão de músculo esquelético em sua extensão (WATSON, 1973). Bem como a perda da função ambulatória que ocorre nos pacientes DMD, não é uma característica freqüente nos cães GRMD, apesar da continua degeneração das fibras.…”