The lfartman-Perdok theory explains the relation between crystal structure and morphology and provides the atomic surface topology of the crystalmelt interface. Hartman-Perdok theory has been applied to CaYΑIO 4 as model for all other ΑBCO 4 compounds with a K 2 ΝiF4 crystal structure. F forms are {002}, {101}, {103}, {110}, {112}, {200}, {211} and {213}. The strongly anisotropic shape caused by the perovskite-like ΑIO 6 layers | | (001) is very distinct in all theoretical growth forms. The form with formal charges is planar following {001} with (101) and {110) as 1ateral forms. Disordering of the boundary ions results in the disappearance of {110}. At lower effective charge on oxygen ions, qo, the ordered forms are still tabular, while (110) and (112) are the only lateral faces. At still lesser negative qo {112} appears as well. On the disordered models {112} replaces {110}. Crystals show often variations in colour parallel to the {110} interface due to the surface topology of {110}. YBa2Cu3O7-x has, for x = 1, the following F forms: {001}, {101}, {103}, {112} and {114}. The theoretical growth form of this tetragonal phase is tabular following {001} with {101} as lateral form. For x = 0 the growth form shows important {101} and minor {103} and {001}. When the boundary ions on (001) are ordered, the outermost layer of {001} contains half of the Cu+ (x = 1) or Cu3+ and O 2-(x = 0) ions in a c(2 x 2) quadratic lattice which reduces tle {001} growth rate significantly. An (1 x 2) reconstriicted {010} surface can be traced for the orthorhombic polymorph which results into the appearance of {010} oii the ordered growth form. Otherwise the presence of {010) on as-grown crystals must be due to external factors.PACS numbers: 68.35. Bs, 81.10.Aj
Hartman-Perdok theoryThe relation between the internal crystal structure and the crystal morphology can be established by the ^Iartman-Perdok theory [1][2][3]. At the same time the surface topology of the crystalline interface can be derived at atomic scale.The crystal morphology is not only determined by internal factors such as crystal structure, twinning, dislocations, etc., but also by external factors such (35)