Structure of quinine monohydrate toluene solvate

Pniewska, B.; Suszko-Purzycka, A.

doi:10.1107/s0108270188013204

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The title compound 1 is derived from quinidine [2] via quincoridine® (QCD) [1,3,4] and is to be compared to the (lS,2S,4S,5S)-diastereomer 2 which is derived from quinine [5] via quincorine® (QCI) [1,3,4], The transformation of QCD and QCI to compounds 1 and 2, respectively, can formally be described as the replacement of the vinyl group by the ethynyl group (see scheme 1 in [6]). Compound 1 is called 10,11-didehydroquincoridine and compound 2 10,11-didehydro-quincorine [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure of (1S,2R,4S,5S)-5-ethynyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, (HC2)(HOCH2)C7H11N)

Wartchow¹,

Frackenpohl²,

Hoffmann³

2001

Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures

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Source of materialQuincoridine® [1] (2.0 g, 12 mmol) was dissolved in dry CCI4 (15 ml). Bromine (1.1 ml, 21.5 mmol) was added at 273 Κ. The reaction mixture was stirred for lh. After removal of the solvent in vacuo the resulting yellow solid was dissolved in CHCI3 (25 ml). Et3N (3.1 ml, 24 mmol) was added and the mixture was then stirred for 4h at RT. After work-up (CHCI3 and saturated aqueous solution NaHC03) the vinylic bromide (0.2 g, 0.81 mmol) was dissolved in THF (10 ml), followed by addition of powdered KOH (116 mg, 2.0 mmol) and aliquat 336® (0.73 ml, 0.16 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 7 h. Work-up (CHCI3 and saturated aqueous solution NaHCOs) and column chromatography (ethyl acetate / methanol 6:1) furnished the title compound which crystallized after 5 h at 273 K. The compound melts at 317 Κ and sublimes readily. DiscussionThe title compound 1 is derived from quinidine [2] via quincoridine® (QCD) [1,3,4] and is to be compared to the (lS,2S,4S,5S)-diastereomer 2 which is derived from quinine [5] via quincorine® (QCI) [1,3,4], The transformation of QCD and QCI to compounds 1 and 2, respectively, can formally be described as the replacement of the vinyl group by the ethynyl group (see scheme 1 in [6]). Compound 1 is called 10,11-didehydroquincoridine and compound 2 10,11-didehydro-quincorine [6]. In view of the high synthetic flexibility of alkynes we expect that 1 and 2 will become valuable homochiral building blocks, e.g. in asymmetric synthesis and in medicinal chemistry, similar to QCD and QCI [3,4,7]. The terminal alkynes 1 and 2 have the advantage of being solids at room temperature, while QCD and QCI are liquids. The crystal structure of 2 has already been reported inThe X-ray analysis of 1 (this work) shows that its crystal packing has the higher point group symmetry (222 instead of 2) but the lower density by about 2 %. In the solid state the molecules of compound 1 are connected to helical chains by hydrogen bonds in a similar manner as found in compound 2 (see the figure in [8]) and in quinidine [2]. The chain direction in 1 is [100] and corresponds to the [010] direction in 2. Substituted quinuclidines are often twisted [9]. The dihedral angles C2-N1-C4-C3, C6-N1-C4-C5 and C7-N1-C4-C8 are 10.9°, 9.7° and 9.1°, respectively, with an average of 9.9° for molecule 1 and 3.7°, 6.7°

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure of (1S,2R,4S,5S)-5-ethynyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, (HC2)(HOCH2)C7H11N)

Wartchow¹,

Frackenpohl²,

Hoffmann³

2001

Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures

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“…4 that all four mefloquine molecules share nearly the same conformation. (1,4,7,9,12,(14)(15)(16)(17)23). For all four mefloquine molecules, the C-4-C-11-C-12-N-13 torsion angle was close to 1800, placing N-13 about as far away from the quinoline ring as possible.…”

Section: Coordinates and Thermal Parameters (Ueq Values) (Seementioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure and molecular structure of mefloquine methylsulfonate monohydrate: implications for a malaria receptor

Karle

1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The crystal structure of (+)-mefloquine methylsulfonate monohydrate was determined by X-ray diffraction and was compared with the crystal structures of mefloquine hydrochloride and mefloquine free base. The conformation of mefloquine was essentially the same in all three crystalline environments and was not dependent on whether mefloquine was a salt or a free base. In mefloquine methylsulfonate monohydrate, the angle between the average plane of the quinoline ring and the average plane of the piperidine ring was 76.90. The intramolecular aliphatic N-13. 0-1 distance was 2.730 ± 0. 3a (F).Since the mechanism of antimalarial action and the mechanism of mefloquine resistance may involve hydrogen bond formation between mefloquine and a cellular effector or transport proteins, the common conformation of mefloquine found in each crystalline environment may define the orientation in which mefloquine forms these potentially critical hydrogen bonds with cellular constituents.The continuing spread of multi-drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria (22) Understanding the mode of action and mode of resistance of mefloquine on a molecular level should aid the development of new treatment strategies. Although mefloquine alters the pH of the parasite's acid vesicles at nanomolar concentrations (13), the precise mode of action of mefloquine is not well defined. Structure-activity studies demonstrate that mefloquine loses its antimalarial activity if the amine and hydroxyl groups of mefloquine are acetylated (26). Formation of an 0-methyl or O-ethyl derivative as well as conversion of the saturated 2-piperidyl group to an unsaturated 2-pyridyl group also abolishes activity (26). This apparent structural requirement to have underivatized amine and hydroxyl groups suggests that these groups need to be free to hydrogen bond to cellular constituents. Thus, antimalarial activity may depend upon the ability of mefloquine * Corresponding author.to hydrogen bond to a cellular "effector." In addition, structure-activity studies (5, 6, 26) on the 3-and 4-piperidyl isomers of mefloquine and of the 3,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)-9-phenanthryl analog of mefloquine show that the physical placement of the hydroxyl and the amine groups with respect to each other is critical to antimalarial activity. These data further support the hypothesis that these compounds must hydrogen bond to cellular constituents to effect antimalarial activity and must do so with a specific geometry. At present, the mechanism(s) of resistance to mefloquine has not been elucidated (21).The three-dimensional structure of mefloquine defines how the mefloquine molecule physically interacts with a cellular effector or transport proteins. In order to determine the preferred conformation(s) of mefloquine, we undertook the comparison of the structure of mefloquine as both a free base and a salt in three different crystalline environments. The crystal structure of mefloquine methylsulfonate monohydrate (Fig. 1) was determined by X-ray diffraction and was compared with the crysta...

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“…The bond lengths and bond angles of the toluenesulphonate anion are similar to those in the structure of quinine toluene solvate monohydrate 21 and other structures retrieved from CSD. 7 The phenyl moiety is approximately planar to within 0.006(3)Å , the carbon atom, C18, of the p-methyl substituent being deviated from the plane by 0.024(7) Å , while the deviation of S1 atom from this plane is -0.030(5) Å .…”

Section: Qcd + Cationmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…However, it is not as high as in the crystals of pure tartaric acid (1.758 g/cm 3 ), which readily forms a dense network of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. 20 10 and quinine 21 , respectively. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level.…”

Section: Qcd + Cationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal and molecular structures of new enantiopure quinuclidines

2004

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X-ray crystal structure analysis was performed on single crystals of two diastereomeric enantiopure quinuclidines, (3R,8R)-3-vinyl-8-hydroxymethyl-quinuclidine (quincoridine, QCD) and (3R,8S)-3-vinyl-8-hydroxymethyl-quinuclidine (quincorine, QCI) as their salts with tartaric and p-toluenesulphonate anions, respectively. The molecules of these quinuclidine derivatives are considered here as fragments of the Cinchona alkaloids, quinidine and quinine. A comparison of the conformational features of QCD, QCI, and Cinchona alkaloids in the crystalline state shows that the molecular geometry of the title compounds is similar to that of threo-alkaloids (e.g., R,R isomer of epicinchonine) rather than to quinidine and quinine. The packing of the molecules in both structures is dominated by intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

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Structure of quinine monohydrate toluene solvate

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Crystal structure of (1S,2R,4S,5S)-5-ethynyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, (HC2)(HOCH2)C7H11N)

Crystal structure of (1S,2R,4S,5S)-5-ethynyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, (HC2)(HOCH2)C7H11N)

Crystal structure and molecular structure of mefloquine methylsulfonate monohydrate: implications for a malaria receptor

Crystal and molecular structures of new enantiopure quinuclidines

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