Structure of laminar sooting inverse diffusion flames

Mikofski, Mark A.; Williams, Timothy C.; Shaddix, Christopher R.; Fernandez‐Pello, A. C.; Blevins, Linda G.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2007.01.006

Cited by 69 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The differences of the soot characteristics between IDF and NDF were investigated. Mikofski et al [15] compared the flame structure, PAHs, and soot zones between IDF and NDF using planar laser-induced fluorescence of hydroxyl radicals (OH PLIF), PAH PLIF and planar laser-induced incandescence of soot (soot PLII), respectively. Results indicated that soot appeared outside the flame front in IDF, and PAHs appeared outside the soot layer depending on the characteristic temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Characteristics and Reactivity of Nascent Soot from n-Heptane/2,5-Dimethylfuran Inverse Diffusion Flames with/without Magnetic Fields

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In this study, the differences of nanostructure and oxidation reactivity of the nascent soot formed in n-heptane/2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) inverse diffusion flames (IDF) with/without influence of magnetic fields were studied, and the effects of DMF-doped and magnetic fields were discussed. Morphology and nanostructures of the soot samples were investigated using high-resolution transmission electron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and the oxidation reactivity characteristics were analyzed by thermogravimetric analyzer. Results demonstrated that both additions of DMF-doped and magnetic fields could promote soot production and modify the soot nanostructure and oxidation reactivity in IDF. Soot production increased along with the increase of DMF-doped. With DMF blends, more clustered soot particles and typical core-shell structures with well-organized fringes were exhibited compared with that formed from the pure n-heptane IDF. With effects of magnetic fields, the precursor formation and the oxidization of soot were promoted, soot production was enhanced. Soot particles became relatively more mature with typical core-shell structure, thicker shell, longer fringe lengths, smaller fringe tortuosity, higher graphitization degree and lower oxidation reactivity. With magnetic force pointed to the central line and the inner direction of IDF under the conditions of N pole and S pole of the magnet facing the flame, oxygen was trapped, having an increased residence time to get more chance to react with the fuel molecules to cause more soot to be yielded and oxidized. That resulted in the soot precursor promotion, soot production enhancement, and soot part-oxidization and graphitization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Characteristics and Reactivity of Nascent Soot from n-Heptane/2,5-Dimethylfuran Inverse Diffusion Flames with/without Magnetic Fields

et al. 2018

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“…The IDF investigated in this study was produced with a similar co-annular inverse flame burner used previously in other studies by Blevins et al [9], Mikofski et al [10,11] and Macko et al [12]. Basically, the inverse flame burner consists of three concentric tubes.…”

Section: Inverse Flame Burner and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve the desired OI, normal air (assumed to be 21% oxygen and 79% nitrogen) supplied by a compressor was doped by the required amount of pure oxygen. The volumetric ethylene flow rate was kept constant at 2.7 slpm for all conditions following the conditions used by Mikofski et al [10,11] and Macko et al [12], where only an OI of 21% (air) was considered. The flow rates of different streams (oxidizer, inert and fuel) were controlled by thermal mass flow controllers from Brooks…”

Section: Inverse Flame Burner and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] confirmed the hypothesis that soot of IDFs is similar to the one of NDFs by collecting samples of exhaust soot and analyzing its morphology. Mikofski et al [10,11] analyzed the structure and heights of methane and ethylene flames varying the air flow rate. They studied quantitatively the temperature of flames and qualitatively the concentrations of soot, PAH and OH* radicals to understand the soot formation mechanisms in these flames, which were found similar to the mechanisms in NDFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of oxygen index on soot production and temperature in an ethylene inverse diffusion flame

Escudero

Fuentes

Demarco

et al. 2016

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at Effects of oxygen index on soot production and temperature in an ethylene inverse diffusion flame Escudero, F.; Fuentes, A.; Demarco, R.; Consalvi, J.-L.; Liu, F.; ElicerCortés, J. C.; Fernandez-Pello, C.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=fr L'accès à ce site Web et l'utilisation de son contenu sont assujettis aux conditions présentées dans le site LISEZ CES CONDITIONS ATTENTIVEMENT AVANT D'UTILISER CE SITE WEB. NRC Publications Record / Notice d'Archives des publications de CNRC:http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions?Contact the NRC Publications Archive team at PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.09.029Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015-10-01 Accepted ManuscriptEffects of oxygen index on soot production and temperature in an ethylene inverse diffusion flameS0894-1777 (15) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. EFFECTS OF OXYGEN INDEX ON SOOT AbstractAn experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of the Oxygen Index (OI) in an ethylene laminar inverse diffusion flame (IDF). The OI was varied from 21% to 37% and its influence was measured in terms of the flame height, soot volume fraction, soot temperature and radiant fraction. The stoichiometric flame height was measured by the spontaneous emission of CH* radicals and was found to decrease ...

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“…The structure and soot formation characteristics of coflow laminar normal diffusion flames (NDF) (fuel jet is issued into air) have been experimentally investigated by many researchers, e.g., Mitchell et al [7], Santoro and co-workers [8], Faeth and co-workers [9], among many others, and numerically studied using relatively detailed chemistry by Kaplan and Kailasanath [10], Smooke et al [11,12], and Guo et al [13], among others. Coflow inverse diffusion flames (IDF) have also been investigated experimentally by various researchers [14][15][16][17][18][19]. It has been made clear that IDFs exhibit remarkably different soot formation features from those of NDFs due to the very different temperature, chemical environment, and residence time experienced by incepted soot particles [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the structure and sooting characteristics of a coflow laminar methane/air diffusion flame using a central air jet: An experimental and numerical study

Liu

Smallwood

2011

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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Structure of laminar sooting inverse diffusion flames

Cited by 69 publications

References 45 publications

Nanoscale Characteristics and Reactivity of Nascent Soot from n-Heptane/2,5-Dimethylfuran Inverse Diffusion Flames with/without Magnetic Fields

Nanoscale Characteristics and Reactivity of Nascent Soot from n-Heptane/2,5-Dimethylfuran Inverse Diffusion Flames with/without Magnetic Fields

Effects of oxygen index on soot production and temperature in an ethylene inverse diffusion flame

Control of the structure and sooting characteristics of a coflow laminar methane/air diffusion flame using a central air jet: An experimental and numerical study

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