Structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for dimensional representations of DSM–IV anxiety disorders

Tambs, Kristian; Czajkowsky, Nikolai; Røysamb, Espen; Neale, Michael C.; Reichborn‐Kjennerud, Ted; Aggen, Steven H.; Harris, Jennifer R.; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Kendler, Kenneth S.

doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.059485

Cited by 124 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, shared genetic variants have been shown to predispose to several types of major psychosis (Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, 2013). Substantial and highly significant overlapping of the genetic factors affecting variation of several correlated phenotypes, as was observed in this and other studies , e.g., anxiety disorders (Tambs et al, 2009) and psychotic phenotypes mentioned above, may suggest the existence of an underlying common endophenotype. This has important consequences in both fundamental science, for example, in genome-wide association study design, and applied science, such as pharmacogenetic development of novel analgesics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Low Back and Common Widespread Pain Share Common Genetic Determinants

Malkin

Williams

Lachance

et al. 2014

Annals of Human Genetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryLow back (LBP) and chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP) both have a significant genetic component and are associated with increased body mass index (BMI). We examined whether LBP and CWP share common genetic factors, and to what extent this correlation is modified by the genetic factors influencing BMI. Genetic analysis of binary traits such as pain is not simple, particularly if their risk is associated with age or other quantitative traits. Implementing Falconer's polygenic threshold concept for dichotomous traits inheritance, we developed new software to examine the extent of the genetic influence on LBP and CWP under age and BMI dependence. The analysis was conducted on 3266 and 2256 UK female twins, assessed for LBP and CWP, respectively. Analysis of the liability scores with threshold to LBP and CWP established substantial contribution of genetic factors to their variation (h 2 > 0.60, p<0.004-0.0003) and covariation (p=3.1E-08). Some 39% of the CWP and 70% of the LBP heritability estimates were attributable to genetic effects shared by both phenotypes, and 40% and 67% of the residual variation is caused by environmental factors simultaneously affecting both pain syndromes. However, contribution of BMI to variation/covariation of both pain phenotypes-although statistically highly significant (pß10-7)-was not determinative.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Low Back and Common Widespread Pain Share Common Genetic Determinants

Malkin

Williams

Lachance

et al. 2014

Annals of Human Genetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, coexistence of many symptoms within different anxiety disorders and their mutual comorbidity is very high (Chantarujikapong et al 2001, Hettema et al 2005), so we supposed, as many authors before, that the main neurobiological mechanism might be the same, and analyzing such heterogenic group would better help identifying the common mechanism. It has been proven that genetic factors are very important in transmission of vulnerability to anxiety disorders in general but not for a specific disorder (Tambs et al 2009). Therefore, we assumed that biological expression of that genetic predisposition is also common for all anxiety disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG source activity during processing of neutral stimuli in subjects with anxiety disorders

Gmaj¹,

Januszko²,

Kamiński³

et al. 2016

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anxiety disorders are a social problem due to their prevalence and consequences. It is crucial to explore the influence of anxiety on cognitive processes. In this study we recorded EEG activity from 73 subjects (35 patients, 38 controls, matched for age and education) during performance of the Continuous Attention Task. We used low resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) for evaluation of mechanisms of impaired cognitive performance in anxiety disorders. Analysis showed that patients with anxiety disorders committed more errors than the controls, had a short latency of P300 and higher amplitude of ERPs at all steps of stimulus processing. Furthermore, we showed that there was a relationship between the scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Beck Depression Inventory, and amplitudes and latencies of ERPs. The results of LORETA analysis showed that enhanced neural responses were found within circuits mediating visual information processing, sustained attention and anxiety. Also, we found higher current density within areas playing an important role in the brain fear network -anterior cingulate and anterior part of insula. Electrophysiological neuroimaging showed greater recruitment of cognitive resources in anxiety disorders, evidenced by higher current density and activation of greater number of brain areas. Despite the strategy employed to compensate for cognitive problems, the anxiety patients did not achieve the same performance as controls. Present study demonstrates that anxiety disorders influence processing of neutral stimuli and this influence is observable at both behavioral and electrophysiological level. The data suggests instability of neural systems responsible for information selection, working memory, engagement and focusing of attention.

show abstract

“…In twin studies, heritability estimates have been in the range of 30-50% (Hettema et al, 2001;Scaini et al, 2012Scaini et al, , 2014Smoller et al, 2009;Tambs et al, 2009a) though higher estimates (~40-65%) have been reported from analyses that include repeated assessments and correct for diagnostic unreliability (Kendler et al, 1999b). In addition, family and twin studies have suggested that genetic contributions cross the boundaries among anxiety disorders and between normal and pathologic anxiety.…”

Section: Family and Twin Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetics of Stress-Related Disorders: PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders

Smoller

2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

361

243

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research into the causes of psychopathology has largely focused on two broad etiologic factors: genetic vulnerability and environmental stressors. An important role for familial/heritable factors in the etiology of a broad range of psychiatric disorders was established well before the modern era of genomic research. This review focuses on the genetic basis of three disorder categories-posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and the anxiety disorders-for which environmental stressors and stress responses are understood to be central to pathogenesis. Each of these disorders aggregates in families and is moderately heritable. More recently, molecular genetic approaches, including genome-wide studies of genetic variation, have been applied to identify specific risk variants. In this review, I summarize evidence for genetic contributions to PTSD, MDD, and the anxiety disorders including genetic epidemiology, the role of common genetic variation, the role of rare and structural variation, and the role of gene-environment interaction. Available data suggest that stress-related disorders are highly complex and polygenic and, despite substantial progress in other areas of psychiatric genetics, few risk loci have been identified for these disorders. Progress in this area will likely require analysis of much larger sample sizes than have been reported to date. The phenotypic complexity and genetic overlap among these disorders present further challenges. The review concludes with a discussion of prospects for clinical translation of genetic findings and future directions for research.

show abstract

Structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for dimensional representations of DSM–IV anxiety disorders

Cited by 124 publications

References 35 publications

Low Back and Common Widespread Pain Share Common Genetic Determinants

Low Back and Common Widespread Pain Share Common Genetic Determinants

EEG source activity during processing of neutral stimuli in subjects with anxiety disorders

The Genetics of Stress-Related Disorders: PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About