Structure of conducting channel of lightning

Abstract

The spatial distribution of the plasma density in a lightning channel is studied theoretically. It is shown that the electric-field double layer is formed at the channel boundary. In this case, the electron temperature changes abruptly and ions are accelerated by the electric field of the double layer. The ion momentum flux density is close to the surrounding gas pressure. Cleaning of the channel from heavy particles occurs in particle-exchange processes between the plasma channel and the surrounding air. Hydrogen ions are accumulated inside the expanding channel from the surrounding air, which is enriched by hydrogen-contained molecules. In this case, the plasma channel is unstable and splits to a chain of equidistant bunches of plasma. The hydrogen-enrich bunches burn diffusely after recombination exhibiting the bead lightning behavior.

Numerical simulation of high-current pulsed arc discharge in air

“…More recent experimental studies of natural lightning strikes [9,10] by the OES technique have also estimated the channel temperature to be about 29 000 K and the electron density to be higher than 10 18 cm −3 . We should also note the theoretical studies on lightning channel structure with high current peak levels, such as the works of Aleksandrov et al [11], Alanakyan [12], and Ripoll et al [13,14]. As already noted, theoretical studies of processes in high-current lightning discharges are of considerable interest in the field of lightning protection.…”