Structure of carboxylated latices as revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering

Dingenouts, N.; Pulina, T.; Ballauff, Matthias

doi:10.1021/ma00099a030

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…For the internal structure of the latexes including interphases within the particles, it is important to have a method which allows one to determine fine structures between 0.01 nm (0.1 Å ) and about 20 nm with high contrast. For instance, X-ray scattering techniques were successfully used to establish the existence of an interfacial region [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of interphases in core—shell latexes by solid-state NMR

Landfester¹,

Spieß

1998

Acta Polym.

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Concepts for the characterization of composite latex particles by advanced solid‐state NMR methods are discussed. The techniques are based on 1H spin‐diffusion experiments usually applied to detect heterogeneities in polymers and polymer blends. In latexes, they allow one to characterize the morphology, including substructures in the interphase between core and shell. Motional heterogeneities within the phases are also detected. The techniques are used to characterize an extended series of core—shell particles composed of poly(n‐butyl acrylate) (PBuA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) synthesized in semicontinuous two‐step emulsion polymerization processes. The influence of process parameters such as synthesis temperature, crosslinking density in the core, shell content, particle size, and annealing are investigated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of interphases in core—shell latexes by solid-state NMR

Landfester¹,

Spieß

1998

Acta Polym.

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Core–Shell Particles

Musyanovych

Landfester

2007

Macromolecular Engineering

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Small‐angle X‐ray scattering on latexes

Ballauff

Bolze

Dingenouts

et al. 1996

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a tool which allows the study of the structure and the interaction of polymer latexes with great accuracy. The low electron density of the polymers used for the synthesis of latex particles as e.g. polystyrene allows the matching of the contrast by adding sucrose to the serum. Thus, scattering intensities measured at different contrast, i.e., at different excess electron densities can be evaluated (contrast variation). This yields precise information on the radial electron density of the particles. In this article recent SAXS-investigations on latex particles are reviewed. It is demonstrated that core-shell latexes can be analyzed precisely by contrast variation. The same method can be applied to swollen latex particles to examine the polymer concentration near the boundary to the water phase. Here it is shown that the depletion of the polymer molecules near this boundary is very small which points to a minute wall-repulsion effect. Since the excess electron density of polystyrene latex particles in water is very small, the scattering from adsorbed layers of surfactants dominates the measured intensity in this particular system. Therefore the adsorption equilibrium of a given surfactant as well as the competitive adsorption of two different surfactants on a polystyrene latex can be assessed by SAXS.

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Structure of carboxylated latices as revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Characterization of interphases in core—shell latexes by solid-state NMR

Characterization of interphases in core—shell latexes by solid-state NMR

Core–Shell Particles

Small‐angle X‐ray scattering on latexes

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