Structure of carbon black continuously produced from biomass pyrolysis oil

Tóth, Pál; Vikström, Therese; Molinder, Roger; Wiinikka, Henrik

doi:10.1039/c8gc01539b

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Alternatively, bio-based "green carbon black" has been recently reported. This approach converted pyrolysis oil (PO) from pine and spruce stem wood into CB [87], in a thorough and detailed work, where process conditions were examined to produce green CB with structural features similar to commercial CB materials. For instance, at 1300 ºC, 10.6% of fed PO was converted to CB with structural characteristics similar to medium disperse CB commercial grades.…”

Section: Alternative Production Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphitization was enhanced at higher temperature, 1700 ºC. However, the high oxygen content of PO was a source of intensified oxidation at higher process temperatures, causing selective shrinking of nodules and consumption of small agglomerates, thus impacting the green CB agglomerate size distribution and resulting performance [87].…”

Section: Alternative Production Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon black reborn: Structure and chemistry for renewable energy harnessing

Khodabakhshi

Fulvio

Andreoli

2020

Carbon

203

104

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Carbon Black (CB) is one of the most abundantly produced carbon nanostructured materials, and approximately 70% of it is used as pigment and as reinforcing phase in rubber and plastics. Recent scientific findings report on other uses of CB that are of current interest, such as renewable energy harvesting and carbon capture. The present review focuses on the use and role of CB in renewable and environmental applications relevant to contemporary global challenges focusing specifically on clean energy. Key and recent research on the structure and chemistry of CB, including its uses as precursors to graphene quantum dots and hollow carbon spheres, is discussed in relation to renewable energy devices, electrochemical energy storage and environmental remediation. The surface chemistry of CB is closely related to that of graphitic and of turbostratic carbons through the predominant hexagonal carbon lattice from graphene fragments forming its basic structural units. Consequently, modern methods for grafting polymers and functional groups are easily translated to this abundant nanostructured material. Moreover, recent advances in electron microscopy that probe the structure of CB, and its electronic and physicochemical properties in nanocomposites revived the attention of what is wrongfully considered as a scientifically uninspiring material with limited potential for future technology breakthrough. CB has the potential to surge as a key player in renewable energy and environmental applications, meaning "When Black Turns Green".

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Section: Alternative Production Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alternative Production Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon black reborn: Structure and chemistry for renewable energy harnessing

Khodabakhshi

Fulvio

Andreoli

2020

Carbon

203

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The atomizer was based on a design by [ 60 ]. The same feeding system has previously been used by [ 61 ], where a more detailed description can be found. During operation two different gas flows were added to the injection system through mass flows controllers (MFC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrained Flow Gasification of Polypropylene Pyrolysis Oil

et al. 2021

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Petrochemical products could be produced from circular feedstock, such as waste plastics. Most plants that utilize syngas in their production are today equipped with entrained flow gasifiers, as this type of gasifier generates the highest syngas quality. However, feeding of circular feedstocks to an entrained flow gasifier can be problematic. Therefore, in this work, a two-step process was studied, in which polypropylene was pre-treated by pyrolysis to produce a liquid intermediate that was easily fed to the gasifier. The products from both pyrolysis and gasification were thoroughly characterized. Moreover, the product yields from the individual steps, as well as from the entire process chain, are reported. It was estimated that the yields of CO and H2 from the two-step process were at least 0.95 and 0.06 kg per kg of polypropylene, respectively, assuming that the pyrolysis liquid and wax can be combined as feedstock to an entrained flow gasifier. On an energy basis, the energy content of CO and H2 in the produced syngas corresponded to approximately 40% of the energy content of the polypropylene raw material. This is, however, expected to be significantly improved on a larger scale where losses are proportionally smaller.

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“…Carbon black (CB) is a nanomaterial that has attracted great attention and presents physicochemical similarities to graphite, graphene and carbon nanotubes. CB is produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products [9]. It is a carbon material of low cost, with amorphous and quasigraphitic structure, arranged in aggregate nanostructures of diameter from 40 to 100 nm, and has been demonstrated to be a material that improves electron transfer kinetics and conductivity when used as a modifier in electrochemical sensors [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CB is produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products [9]. It is a carbon material of low cost, with amorphous and quasigraphitic structure, arranged in aggregate nanostructures of diameter from 40 to 100 nm, and has been demonstrated to be a material that improves electron transfer kinetics and conductivity when used as a modifier in electrochemical sensors [9, 10]. Most work involving CB in sensor development has it arranged in the form of flat electrode films, such as glassy carbon electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amperometric Tyrosinase Biosensor Based on Carbon Black Paste Electrode for Sensitive Detection of Catechol in Environmental Samples

et al. 2020

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In this work, a renewable tyrosinase‐based biosensor was developed for the detection of catechol, using a carbon black paste electrode, without any mediator. The effect of pH, type of electrolyte, and amount of tyrosinase enzyme were explored for optimum analytical performance. The best‐performing biosensor in amperometric experiments at potential −0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L−1 KCl) was obtained using a 0.1 mol L−1 phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) as electrolyte. Under optimized conditions, the proposed biosensor had two concentration linear ranges from 5.0×10−9 to 4.8×10−8 and from 4.8×10−8 to 8.5×10−6 mol L−1 and a limit of detection of 1.5×10−9 mol L−1. The apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant (KMMMapp ) was calculated by the amperometric method, and the obtained value was 1.2×10−5 mol L−1 whose result was similar when compared with other studies previously. The biosensor was applied in river water samples, and the results were very satisfactory, with recoveries near 100 %. In addition, the response of this biosensor for different compounds, taking into account their molecular structures was investigated and the results obtained showed no interference with the response potential of catechol. The electrochemical biosensor developed in this work can be considered highly advantageous because it does not require the use of a mediator (direct detection) for electrochemical response, and also because it is based on a low‐cost materials that can be used with success to immobilise other enzymes and/or biomolecules.

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Structure of carbon black continuously produced from biomass pyrolysis oil

Abstract: Renewable-based carbon black was produced using pyrolysis oil derived from pine and spruce stem wood as feedstock in a continuous, high-temperature spray process.

Cited by 41 publications

References 78 publications

Carbon black reborn: Structure and chemistry for renewable energy harnessing

Carbon black reborn: Structure and chemistry for renewable energy harnessing

Entrained Flow Gasification of Polypropylene Pyrolysis Oil

Amperometric Tyrosinase Biosensor Based on Carbon Black Paste Electrode for Sensitive Detection of Catechol in Environmental Samples

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