Structure of Barbel in Sturgeon<i>(Acipenser percicus)</i>

Saadatfar, Zohreh; Shahsavani, Davar

doi:10.1080/09712119.2007.9706848

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…According to anatomical descriptions, a teleost barbel contains at minimum an outer epithelium, dermal connective tissue, blood vessels, and extensions of the facial nerves that innervate numerous taste buds [16] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] . Variable features include a central rod of connective tissue or cartilage, and intrinsic and/or extrinsic muscle groups that allow the barbel some range of motion [22] , [23] , [24] . Although once used as a systematic character to unite all “fish with whiskers” ( e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Regeneration of the Zebrafish Maxillary Barbel: A Novel Study System for Vertebrate Tissue Growth and Repair

LeClair

Topczewski

2010

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundBarbels are integumentary sense organs found in fishes, reptiles and amphibians. The zebrafish, Danio rerio, develops paired nasal and maxillary barbels approximately one month post fertilization. Small in diameter and optically clear, these adult appendages offer a window on the development, maintenance and function of multiple cell types including skin cells, neural-crest derived pigment cells, circulatory vessels, taste buds and sensory nerves. Importantly, barbels in other otophysan fishes (e.g., catfish) are known to regenerate; however, this capacity has not been tested in zebrafish.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe describe the development of the maxillary barbel in a staged series of wild type and transgenic zebrafish using light microscopy, histology and immunohistochemistry. By imaging transgenic zebrafish containing fluorescently labeled endothelial cells (Tg(fli1a:EGFP)), we demonstrate that the barbel contains a long (∼2–3 mm) closed-end vessel that we interpret as a large lymphatic. The identity of this vessel was further supported by live imaging of the barbel circulation, extending recent descriptions of the lymphatic system in zebrafish. The maxillary barbel can be induced to regenerate by proximal amputation. After more than 750 experimental surgeries in which approximately 85% of the barbel's length was removed, we find that wound healing is complete within hours, followed by blastema formation (∼3 days), epithelial redifferentiation (3–5 days) and appendage elongation. Maximum regrowth occurs within 2 weeks of injury. Although superficially normal, the regenerates are shorter and thicker than the contralateral controls, have abnormally organized mesenchymal cells and extracellular matrix, and contain prominent connective tissue “stumps” at the plane of section—a mode of regeneration more typical of mammalian scarring than other zebrafish appendages. Finally, we show that the maxillary barbel can regenerate after repeated injury and also in senescent fish (>2 years old).Conclusions/SignificanceAlthough the teleost barbel has no human analog, the cell types it contains are highly conserved. Thus “barbology” may be a useful system for studying epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, neural pathfinding, wound healing, scar formation and other key processes in vertebrate physiology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Regeneration of the Zebrafish Maxillary Barbel: A Novel Study System for Vertebrate Tissue Growth and Repair

LeClair

Topczewski

2010

PLoS ONE

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“…Each pair develops from single anlagen, which later divides into the inner and the outer tentacles (Holmgren, 1943; Savatsky, 1911). As described long ago by Parker (1882), each tentacle is supported by an inner cartilaginous rod, the tentacular cartilage, which histologically resembles the elastic cartilage (Saadatfar & Shahsavani, 2007; Weisel, 1979). The tentacular cartilages differentiate from the mesenchyme, which detaches from the anterior end of the mandibular arch mesenchyme (see Figures 5 and 6), and move forward in parallel with the elongation of the ethmoidal and rostral regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

What is missing from the sturgeon jaw: Developmental morphology of the upper jaw in Acipenser

Tsessarsky

2023

Journal of Anatomy

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Sturgeons belong to the family Acipenseridae, the most species‐rich extant family of Acipenseriformes, a basal actinopterygian group of key importance in assessing the early radiations of the actinopterygians. At the same time, acipenseriforms display unique specializations in the morphology of the snout and jaws which make them a valuable model for studying evolutionary novelties. However, despite a long history of research, the homologies of the snout and the mandibular arch of acipenseriforms remain uncertain preventing further studies on the evolutionary origin of their unique snout and jaw structure, and in particular, of the upper jaw symphysis, the key apomorphy of the group and the preoral snout. In the present study, a detailed description of the upper jaw morphology and development in sturgeons is provided in order to address its composition in terms of the common actinopterygian archetype. Based on the obtained results, the upper jaw of acipenseriforms is assumed to have lost the autopalatine portion, which most likely is represented by the separate cartilages supporting the tentacles. Also, the conventional interpretation of the sturgeon's maxilla as dermopalatine is rejected on the grounds of this bone structure and development. Paedomorphosis is proposed to be the most likely mechanism explaining the evolutionary origin of the upper jaw symphysis and supposed modifications of the snout in sturgeons.

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“…8,9 The core of the barbels consists of a central rod with cartilage as the main component. 10,11 Genetic control of the development of barbels has been completely uninvestigated until very recently, when the chemokine C-C motif ligand was singled out as a key regulator for the barbel development in teleost fish. 12 Only vertebrates have chemokine genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical structure, and expression ofCCL4andCCL13-likeduring the development of maxillary barbel inParamisgurnus dabryanus

et al. 2019

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Paramisgurnus dabryanus is one of the most economically important fishes in China. Barbels are an essential sensory organ for the food-seeking ability of teleost fish. However, the anatomical structure of the maxillary barbels of P. dabryanus and the molecular basis of their development are unknown. We investigated the anatomical structure of the barbel, and gene expression patterns of two chemokine CC motif ligands: CCL4 and CCL13-like during the maxillary barbel development using Masson Trichrome staining, light and electron microscopy, and qPCR. Anatomically, the maxillary barbel of P. dabryanus contains taste buds, melanophores, collagen fibers, connective tissue, smooth muscles, nerve bundles, and blood vessels, but does not have skeletal muscles or a skeleton rod. The expression of CCL4 and CCL13-like was weak or non-existent in the early phases of development, but high at the last two studied time-points: 192-and 216-h post-hatching. Results indicated that CCL4 and CCL13-like were related to the development of the maxillary barbel.

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Structure of Barbel in Sturgeon(Acipenser percicus)

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Development and Regeneration of the Zebrafish Maxillary Barbel: A Novel Study System for Vertebrate Tissue Growth and Repair

Development and Regeneration of the Zebrafish Maxillary Barbel: A Novel Study System for Vertebrate Tissue Growth and Repair

What is missing from the sturgeon jaw: Developmental morphology of the upper jaw in Acipenser

Anatomical structure, and expression ofCCL4andCCL13-likeduring the development of maxillary barbel inParamisgurnus dabryanus

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