Structure of a microbiol mat at Great Sippewissett Marsh, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Nicholson, John

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(87)90021-8

Cited by 29 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, the molecular approach used here has demonstrated the presence of this group in the studied ecosystem. Furthermore, P. aestuarii has been observed forming a thin layer in the microbial mats at Great Sippewissett salt marsh [8]. Green and brown Prosthecochloris have previously been detected and isolated in axenic cultures from Ebro Delta microbial mats [12].…”

Section: Green Sulfur Bacteria Diversity In Microbial Mats In the Ebrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in the microbial mats of the Ebro Delta: a combined morphological and molecular approach

Martínez-Alonso

Bleijswijk

Gaju

et al. 2005

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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The diversity of purple and green sulfur bacteria in the multilayered sediments of the Ebro Delta was investigated. Specific oligonucleotide primers for these groups were used for the selective amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Subsequently, amplification products were separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequenced, which yielded a total of 32 sequences. Six of the sequences were related to different cultivated members of the green sulfur bacteria assemblage, whereas seven fell into the cluster of marine or halophilic Chromatiaceae. Six sequences were clustered with the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae, three of the six being closely related to chemotrophic bacteria grouped together with Halorhodospira genus, and the other three forming a group related to the genus Ectothiorhodospira. The last thirteen sequences constituted a cluster where no molecular isolate from microbial mats has so far been reported. Our results indicate that the natural diversity in the ecosystem studied has been significantly underestimated in the past and point out the presence of novel species not related to all known purple sulfur bacteria. Furthermore, the detection of green sulfur bacteria, after only an initial step of enrichment, suggests that -- with the appropriate methodology -- several genera, such as Prosthecochloris, could be established as regular members of marine microbial mats.

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Section: Green Sulfur Bacteria Diversity In Microbial Mats In the Ebrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in the microbial mats of the Ebro Delta: a combined morphological and molecular approach

Martínez-Alonso

Bleijswijk

Gaju

et al. 2005

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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“…Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are of significance for the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and sulfur in stratified ecosystems like meromictic lakes and microbial mats [40,41,63–66]. In the chemocline of some lakes, phototrophic consortia contribute significantly (i.e.…”

Section: Implications For the Microbial Ecology Of Sulfuretamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial interactions involving sulfur bacteria: implications for the ecology and evolution of bacterial communities

2000

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A major goal of microbial ecology is the identification and characterization of those microorganisms which govern transformations in natural ecosystems. This review summarizes our present knowledge of microbial interactions in the natural sulfur cycle. Central to the discussion is the recent progress made in understanding the co-occurrence in natural ecosystems of sulfur bacteria with contrasting nutritional requirements and of the spatially very close associations of bacteria, the so-called phototrophic consortia (e.g. 'Chlorochromatium aggregatum' or 'Pelochromatium roseum'). In a similar way, microbial interactions may also be significant during microbial transformations other than the sulfur cycle in natural ecosystems, and could also explain the low culturability of bacteria from natural samples.

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“…In other environments, availability of oxygen is often transient and forms steep chemical gradients in sediments due to high biological demand (Glud, ; Jørgensen & Revsbech, ). Such variation is a hallmark of both shallow marine environments, impacted by regular diel photosynthetic and/or tidal forcing (Dillon et al., ; Fike et al., ; Nicholson, Stolz, & Pierson, ) and marine hydrothermal systems, where advection can abruptly change on unpredictable temporal and spatial scales (Gilhooly et al., ; Houghton et al., ; Yücel et al., ). The plethora of micro‐organisms capable of oxidizing intermediate valence sulfur species (e.g., thiosulfate, sulfite, elemental sulfur) in pure culture (Giovannelli, d'Errico, Manini, Yakimov, & Vetriani, ; Habicht, Canfield, & Rethmeier, ; Sievert, Hügler, Taylor, & Wirsen, ) suggests high turnover rates for these compounds, despite the lack of field‐based evidence for a sustained, long‐term pool of intermediates within the sediments (Brune, Frenzel, & Cypionka, ; D'Hondt et al., ; Jørgensen, ; Luther et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of O₂ and pressure on thiosulfate oxidation by Thiomicrospira thermophila

2019

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Microbial sulfur cycling in marine sediments often occurs in environments characterized by transient chemical gradients that affect both the availability of nutrients and the activity of microbes. High turnover rates of intermediate valence sulfur compounds and the intermittent availability of oxygen in these systems greatly impact the activity of sulfur‐oxidizing micro‐organisms in particular. In this study, the thiosulfate‐oxidizing hydrothermal vent bacterium Thiomicrospira thermophila strain EPR85 was grown in continuous culture at a range of dissolved oxygen concentrations (0.04–1.9 mM) and high pressure (5–10 MPa) in medium buffered at pH 8. Thiosulfate oxidation under these conditions produced tetrathionate, sulfate, and elemental sulfur, in contrast to previous closed‐system experiments at ambient pressure during which thiosulfate was quantitatively oxidized to sulfate. The maximum observed specific growth rate at 5 MPa pressure under unlimited O2 was 0.25 hr−1. This is comparable to the μmax (0.28 hr−1) observed at low pH (<6) at ambient pressure when T. thermophila produces the same mix of sulfur species. The half‐saturation constant for O2 (KnormalO2) estimated from this study was 0.2 mM (at a cell density of 105 cells/ml) and was robust at all pressures tested (0.4–10 MPa), consistent with piezotolerant behavior of this strain. The cell‐specific KnormalO2 was determined to be 1.5 pmol O2/cell. The concentrations of products formed were correlated with oxygen availability, with tetrathionate production in excess of sulfate production at all pressure conditions tested. This study provides evidence for transient sulfur storage during times when substrate concentration exceeds cell‐specific KnormalO2 and subsequent consumption when oxygen dropped below that threshold. These results may be common among sulfur oxidizers in a variety of environments (e.g., deep marine sediments to photosynthetic microbial mats).

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Structure of a microbiol mat at Great Sippewissett Marsh, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in the microbial mats of the Ebro Delta: a combined morphological and molecular approach

Diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in the microbial mats of the Ebro Delta: a combined morphological and molecular approach

Microbial interactions involving sulfur bacteria: implications for the ecology and evolution of bacterial communities

The effect of O₂ and pressure on thiosulfate oxidation by Thiomicrospira thermophila

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Structure of a microbiol mat at Great Sippewissett Marsh, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in the microbial mats of the Ebro Delta: a combined morphological and molecular approach

Diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in the microbial mats of the Ebro Delta: a combined morphological and molecular approach

Microbial interactions involving sulfur bacteria: implications for the ecology and evolution of bacterial communities

The effect of O2 and pressure on thiosulfate oxidation by Thiomicrospira thermophila

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The effect of O₂ and pressure on thiosulfate oxidation by Thiomicrospira thermophila