Structure–immunomodulatory activity relationships of dietary polysaccharides

Chen, Ruoxin; Xu, Jingxiang; Wu, Weihao; Wen, Yuxi; Lu, Suyue; El‐Seedi, Hesham R.; Zhao, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.016

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Polysaccharides consist of multiple monosaccharide units linked together by glycosidic bonds [ 153 ]. Plant polysaccharides consist primarily of glucose, galactose, fructose, xylose, arabinose, fucose, rhamnose, mannose, and uronic acid [ 154 ].…”

Section: Natural Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy

Shen

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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Cancer develops with unexpected mutations and causes death in many patients. Among the different cancer treatment strategies, immunotherapy is promising with the benefits of high specificity and accuracy, as well as modulating immune responses. Nanomaterials can be used to formulate drug delivery carriers for targeted cancer therapy. Polymeric nanoparticles used in the clinic are biocompatible and have excellent stability. They have the potential to improve therapeutic effects while significantly reducing off-target toxicity. This review classifies smart drug delivery systems based on their components. Synthetic smart polymers used in the pharmaceutical industry, including enzyme-responsive, pH-responsive, and redox-responsive polymers, are discussed. Natural polymers derived from plants, animals, microbes, and marine organisms can also be used to construct stimuli-responsive delivery systems with excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, and biodegradability. The applications of smart or stimuli-responsive polymers in cancer immunotherapies are discussed in this systemic review. We summarize different delivery strategies and mechanisms that can be used in cancer immunotherapy and give examples of each case.

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Section: Natural Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy

Shen

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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“…20 Herein, we have systematically and briefly summarised previous experience with the polysaccharide structure–effect relationship. Many studies have suggested that polysaccharides with molecular weights between 10 and 1000 kDa can easily diffuse and be absorbed into immune cells and showed better immune activities, 20,33,34 while those of less than 10 kDa or more than 1000 kDa exhibited weak immunomodulatory activity, because polysaccharides >1000 kDa affect diffusion and absorption and do not facilitate transmembrane entry into immune cells. 35 Meanwhile, polysaccharides with a molecular weight of <10 kDa cannot maintain the conformation of the chain and do not exhibit good activity.…”

Section: The Active Centre Of Polysaccharides and Structure–effect Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The triple-helix structure exhibits much stronger bioactivity than the random coil structure, as its higher stiffness is better recognized by the receptors of immune cells. 20 And the interactions between the tertiary conformation formatted a network/quaternary structure, in which scattered polysaccharide particles rotate and shrink into clusters to stronger shear thinning. 43 It is worth noting that the immune enhancement is related to the structure of the random coil, which has smaller spatial hindrance, making it easier to enter the immune cells.…”

Section: The Active Centre Of Polysaccharides and Structure–effect Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bond composition, chain conformation, branching degrees, and chemical modification will all have an impact on their immunoregulatory activity. 20 Herein, we have systematically and briefly summarised previous experience with the polysaccharide structure-effect relationship. Many studies have suggested that polysaccharides with molecular weights between 10 and 1000 kDa can easily diffuse and be absorbed into immune cells and showed better immune activities, 20,33,34 while those of less than 10 kDa or more than 1000 kDa exhibited weak immunomodulatory activity, because polysaccharides >1000 kDa affect diffusion and absorption and do not facilitate…”

Section: Structure-activity Relationship Of Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 At present, studies on the structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides are limited due to their low purity and high heterogeneity. 20 That's exactly why the lack of structural approaches to polysaccharides, the most abundant biopolymers in nature, has been prominent. 21 Herein, we propose an alternative view on structure-effect relationship studies of polysaccharides based on the receptor-activity centre.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure–effect relationship studies of polysaccharides based on receptor–active centres: an alternative view

Zhang

Bai

et al. 2023

Food Funct.

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Effects of three different plant‐derived polysaccharides on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant function, and cecal microbiota of broilers

Zhao,

Niu,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BackgroundThis study investigated the effects of dietary plant polysaccharides on growth performance, immune status and intestinal health in broilers. We randomly divided 960 one‐day‐old Arbor Acres broiler chicks into 4 groups. The control (CON) group was fed a basal diet, and the remaining groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg ginseng polysaccharide (GPS), astragalus polysaccharides (APS), or Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide (SMP) for 42 d.ResultsDietary supplementation with SMP significantly increased BW at 21 and 42 days of age, ADG and ADFI during the starter and whole experimental period, decreased the concentrations of IL‐1β, TNF‐α and MDA, increased the levels of IL‐4 and IL‐10 and CAT activity in the serum (P < 0.05). GPS, APS, and SMP supplementation increased serum levels of immunoglobulins, activities of GSH‐Px, T‐SOD and T‐AOC, and cecal concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid of broilers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, high‐throughput sequencing results showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes was decreased while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Alistipes, and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group were increased (P < 0.05) in the GPS, APS, and GMP groups compared with the CON group.ConclusionDietary GPS, APS, and SMP supplementation could improve growth performance, enhance immune function by increasing serum immunoglobulin and regulating cytokines, improve antioxidant function by increasing serum antioxidant enzyme activity, increase volatile fatty acid levels and improve the microbial composition in the cecum of broilers. Dietary SMP supplementation had the optimal effect in this study.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Structure–immunomodulatory activity relationships of dietary polysaccharides

Cited by 49 publications

References 120 publications

Smart Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy

Smart Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy

Structure–effect relationship studies of polysaccharides based on receptor–active centres: an alternative view

Effects of three different plant‐derived polysaccharides on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant function, and cecal microbiota of broilers

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