Structure-function relationships in identified afferent neurones

Mense, Siegfried

doi:10.1007/bf00189723

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…DRG cell types in the present study were all considered to have small (types 7 and 17) or medium (types 5, 6, 8, 14, 15, 16, and 18) cell diameters. Since DRG cell diameter correlates with conduction velocity-based classification schemes of the peripheral fiber size (Gasser and Grundfest 1939;Lawson and Waddell 1991;Mense 1990), our results agree with the notion that both the distal colon and the glans penis/distal urethra have a high number of small myelinated A-fibers and unmyelinated C-fibers (Delcambre et al 2011;Johnson and Halata 1991;Johnson and Murray 1992). Although there were a small number of large-diameter cells that remained intact after the enzymatic digestion from each of the tracer-injected animal groups, these are typically difficult to patch in the acute culture preparation.…”

Section: Identification Of Cell Types Innervating the Colon And Penissupporting

confidence: 87%

Distinct subclassification of DRG neurons innervating the distal colon and glans penis/distal urethra based on the electrophysiological current signature

Rau

Petruska

Cooper

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Rau KK, Petruska JC, Cooper BY, Johnson RD. Distinct subclassification of DRG neurons innervating the distal colon and glans penis/distal urethra based on the electrophysiological current signature. J Neurophysiol 112: 1392-1408, 2014. First published May 28, 2014 doi:10.1152/jn.00560.2013.-Spinal sensory neurons innervating visceral and mucocutaneous tissues have unique microanatomic distribution, peripheral modality, and physiological, pharmacological, and biophysical characteristics compared with those neurons that innervate muscle and cutaneous tissues. In previous patch-clamp electrophysiological studies, we have demonstrated that small-and medium-diameter dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons can be subclassified on the basis of their patterns of voltage-activated currents (VAC). These VAC-based subclasses were highly consistent in their action potential characteristics, responses to algesic compounds, immunocytochemical expression patterns, and responses to thermal stimuli. For this study, we examined the VAC of neurons retrogradely traced from the distal colon and the glans penis/distal urethra in the adult male rat. The afferent population from the distal colon contained at least two previously characterized cell types observed in somatic tissues (types 5 and 8), as well as four novel cell types (types 15, 16, 17, and 18). In the glans penis/distal urethra, two previously described cell types (types 6 and 8) and three novel cell types (types 7, 14, and 15) were identified. Other characteristics, including action potential profiles, responses to algesic compounds (acetylcholine, capsaicin, ATP, and pH 5.0 solution), and neurochemistry (expression of substance P, CGRP, neurofilament, TRPV1, TRPV2, and isolectin B4 binding) were consistent for each VAC-defined subgroup. With identification of distinct DRG cell types that innervate the distal colon and glans penis/distal urethra, future in vitro studies related to the gastrointestinal and urogenital sensory function in normal as well as abnormal/pathological conditions may be benefitted. viscera; sensory neuron; nociception; dorsal root ganglion; classification THE DISTAL COLON AND GLANS PENIS/DISTAL URETHRA are innervated by a complex network of sensory neurons that encode and transmit information to the central nervous system regarding the state of the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts, respectively. Although they share many aspects of cellular anatomy, physiology, and function similar to those of neurons found in the somatic regions of skin and muscle, the ultrastructure and environment of visceral (colon) and mucocutaneous (glans penis/distal urethra) tissues present unique stimuli and conditions to their embedded sensory terminals.Sensory neurons innervating these tissues conduct nociceptive and nonnociceptive information to the spinal cord, including responses to chemical and mechanical stimuli in both tissues and thermal stimuli in the glans penis. In both the colon and penis, sensory neurons integrate with various interneurons, pseudomotor neuro...

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Section: Identification Of Cell Types Innervating the Colon And Penissupporting

confidence: 87%

Distinct subclassification of DRG neurons innervating the distal colon and glans penis/distal urethra based on the electrophysiological current signature

Rau

Petruska

Cooper

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…The possible functional significance of anatomical changes secondary to the degenerative alterations of primary afferents will also be dealt with in some detail. (Andres, 1961;Lawson, Caddy & Biscoe, 1974 Mense, 1990). In this article, sensory ganglion cells giving rise to myelinated and unmyelinated axons will be referred to as A-fibre and C-fibre primary sensory neurones, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathobiological reactions of C‐fibre primary sensory neurones to peripheral nerve injury

Jancsó

1992

Experimental Physiology

101

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Mammalian primary sensory neurones display profound anatomical and chemical changes in response to injury of their peripheral processes. Peripheral nerve damage results in transganglionic degeneration of central terminals of A‐fibre primary afferent neurones terminating in the deeper layers of the medullary or spinal dorsal horn. The depletion of neuropeptides and other neurone‐specific macromolecules from neurones in sensory ganglia and from the superficial dorsal horn, the known central projection area of C‐fibre primary afferents, is a salient phenomenon commencing after peripheral nerve lesions. A recently devised new experimental procedure, termed the capsaicin‐gap method, permitted evaluation of the transganglionic degenerative phenomena which develop in C‐fibre primary sensory neurones after a lesion is inflicted upon their peripheral branches. The experimental findings indicated that C‐fibre primary afferent terminals underwent transganglionic degeneration following a perineural treatment with capsaicin, and that this was associated with, and probably resulted from, ganglionic cell degeneration. Studies on the effects of peripheral nerve section yielded similar results. It has therefore been suggested that the observed depletion of specific macromolecules, including sensory peptides, specific glycoconjugates and sensory neurone specific acid phosphatase, may be accounted for, at least in part, by an irreversible loss of sensory ganglion neurones. In contrast, many injured neurones express peptides, including vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, peptide histidine‐isoleucine and galanin, which can be demonstrated in only a few neurones under normal conditions. These seem to be involved in dorsal horn regenerative and/or compensatory processes following peripheral nerve damage. There is suggestive evidence that the partial deafferentation caused by the transganglionic degeneration of C‐fibre primary afferents creates favourable circumstances for an anatomical rearrangement of neuronal connections within the spinal cord dorsal horn. These changes may provide a morphological substrate of some of the functional alterations demonstrated after peripheral nerve lesions.

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“…Combining intracellular recording with intracellular injection of a marker, such morphological variety of the sensory ganglion neurons has recently been directly related to peripheral nerve conduction velocity in individual neurons (Yoshida and Matsuda, 1979; Harper and Lawson, 1985; Cameron et al, 1986; Lee et al, 1986;Hoheisel and Mense, 1987;Mense, 1990;Nagy et al, 1993). Hoheisel and Mense (1987) revealed a particularly detailed relationship between morphological characteristics and conduction velocity for the neurons in the dorsal root ganglion, in which it was reported that the neurons conducting in the A-p range had thick axons, whereas axons of neurons in the A-6 range were different according to their conduction velocities: i.e., neurons conducting in the fastest range had myelinated axons on both sides of the bifurcation; those conducting in the intermediate range had a myelinated peripheral axon and an unmyelinated central Accepted March 24, 1995.…”

Section: Indexing Terms: Functional Morphology Intracellular Horseramentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct morphological characteristics of touch, temperature, and mechanical nociceptive neurons in the crotaline trigeminal ganglia

Liang¹,

Terashima²,

Zhu³

1995

J of Comparative Neurology

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Intrasomal recording and horseradish peroxidase injection techniques were employed in vivo to determine the morphological characteristics of touch, temperature, and mechanical nociceptive neurons in the trigeminal ganglia of crotaline snakes. The touch neurons, with a peripheral axon conducting at the A-beta range, could be subdivided into tactile and vibrotactile neurons according to their response properties, but there were no morphological differences between them. These neurons exhibited a large and oval soma and possessed a set of large stem, peripheral, and central axons which were all myelinated and equal in diameter with a constriction at the bifurcation. The temperature neurons, which conducted peripherally at the A-delta range, were physiologically separated into thermosensitive and thermo-mechanosensitive neurons, which were also morphologically indistinguishable. The temperature neurons had a round soma of medium size and a set of medium axons with varied axonal bifurcation patterns. All axons of these neurons were myelinated, but the central axon was thinner than the stem and peripheral axons. The mechanical nociceptive neurons, which had a peripheral axon conducting at the A-delta range, were morphologically heterogeneous based on their conduction velocities. The neurons conducting at the fast A-delta range were morphologically similar to the temperature neurons in the ganglion excepting their thinner central axons, whereas those at the slow A-delta range had a thinner myelinated stem axon that gave rise to a thinner myelinated peripheral axon and an unmyelinated stem axon with a bifurcation of either a triangular expansion at the bifurcating point or a central axon arising straightforwardly from the constant stem and peripheral axons. This study revealed that distinct morphological characteristics do exist for the touch and temperature neurons and the subtypes of mechanical nociceptive neurons in the trigeminal ganglion, but not for the subfunctional types of touch neurons or temperature neurons.

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Structure-function relationships in identified afferent neurones

Cited by 32 publications

References 97 publications

Distinct subclassification of DRG neurons innervating the distal colon and glans penis/distal urethra based on the electrophysiological current signature

Distinct subclassification of DRG neurons innervating the distal colon and glans penis/distal urethra based on the electrophysiological current signature

Pathobiological reactions of C‐fibre primary sensory neurones to peripheral nerve injury

Distinct morphological characteristics of touch, temperature, and mechanical nociceptive neurons in the crotaline trigeminal ganglia

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