Structure–Function Correlates of Cognitive Decline in Aging

Persson, Jonas; Nyberg, Lars; Lind, John; Larsson, Anne; Nilsson, Lars‐Göran; Ingvar, Martin; Buckner, Randy L.

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj036

Cited by 411 publications

(326 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A longitudinal study 135 showed that both hippocampal volume and integrity of white matter in the corpus callosum were reduced in older adults and correlated with declining memory performance. Some studies 49,55 have found that age differences in activation within PFC were mediated by white matter integrity, such that more intact white matter was related to more activation, but others have failed to find this effect 94,136 .…”

Section: Brain Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The cognitive neuroscience of ageing

2012

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PrefaceThe availability of neuroimaging technology has spurred a marked increase in the human cognitive neuroscience literature, including the study of cognitive aging. Although there is a growing consensus that the aging brain retains considerable plasticity of function, currently measured primarily by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging, it is less clear how age differences in brain activity relate to cognitive performance. The field also is hampered by the complexity of the aging process itself and the large number of factors that are influenced by age. In this review, current trends and unresolved issues in the cognitive neuroscience of aging are discussed.

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Section: Brain Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The cognitive neuroscience of ageing

2012

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“…This analysis was conducted to determine whether age-related reductions in right MFG volume influenced the structure-function association within the right MFG and between the right MFG and other brain regions associated with episodic memory retrieval of faces in healthy adults. These include the bilateral occipitotemporal cortex, bilateral inferior parietal cortex, and ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC) (Rajah et al, , 2010Grady, 2002;Persson et al, 2006). To do this, we used the "Behavior/Seed" ST-PLS module (ST-BPLS) to identify patterns of whole-brain activity that covaried with right MFG volume (McIntosh et al, 2003).…”

Section: Fmri Analysis-correlating Brain Activity With Mfg Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in Right Middle Frontal Gyrus Volume Correlate with Altered Episodic Retrieval Activity

Rajah¹,

Languay²,

Grady³

2011

J. Neurosci.

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Age-related deficits in episodic retrieval have been associated with volume reductions in the middle frontal gyrus (MFG). However, it remains unclear how this age-related reduction in MFG volume correlates with neural activity during retrieval. To address this, we conducted in vivo volumetry of the frontal cortex in young and older human adults and found more volume loss on the right than on the left MFG with age. We then examined how left and right MFG volume correlated with fMRI activity during successful retrieval of item, spatial context, and temporal context information in both age groups. In young adults, larger right MFG volume was positively correlated with greater activity in a commonly found episodic retrieval network that included bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral inferior parietal cortex. Within this network, left DLPFC and right inferior parietal cortex activity predicted memory performance. In older adults, a positive structure-function association in DLPFC for either left or right MFG/DLPFC was not observed. Instead, right MFG volume was negatively correlated with activity in several regions in older adults, including the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) and anterior cingulate. Less activity in the PHC region predicted better item memory, and less activity in the anterior cingulate predicted better spatial context accuracy in older adults. We conclude that age-related change in the structure-function association in MFG/DLPFC impacts retrieval activity and performance, and those older adults with larger right MFG volume attempt to compensate for this change by modifying activity in other brain regions to help retrieval performance.

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“…Hence, the reduced performance of the elderly in recency memory tasks could be related to reduced cortical thickness in frontal grey matter or to the disruption of white matter fiber tracts connecting frontal and posterior areas, both of which are frequently observed in healthy aging (e.g. [50,52,53]). …”

Section: Source and Item Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use it or lose it? SES mitigates age-related decline in a recency/recognition task

Czernochowski¹,

Fabiani

Friedman³

2008

Neurobiology of Aging

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An important goal of aging research is to determine factors leading to individual differences that might compensate for some of the deleterious effects of aging on cognition. To determine whether socio-economic status (SES) plays a role in mitigating age-related decrements in the recollection of contextual details, we categorized older participants into low-and high-SES groups. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral data were recorded in a picture memory task involving recency and recognition judgments. Young, old-low and old-high SES groups did not differ in recognition performance. However, on recency judgments, old-low subjects performed at chance, whereas oldhigh subjects did not differ significantly from young adults. Consistent with their preserved recency performance, a long-duration frontal negativity was significantly larger for recency compared to recognition trials in the ERPs of the old-high SES group only. These data suggest that older adults with higher SES levels can use strategies to compensate for the adverse effects of aging in complex source memory tasks by recruiting additional neural resources apparently not required by the young.

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Structure–Function Correlates of Cognitive Decline in Aging

Cited by 411 publications

References 49 publications

The cognitive neuroscience of ageing

The cognitive neuroscience of ageing

Age-Related Changes in Right Middle Frontal Gyrus Volume Correlate with Altered Episodic Retrieval Activity

Use it or lose it? SES mitigates age-related decline in a recency/recognition task

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