Structure Design and Composition Engineering of Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials for Lithium Energy Storage

Abstract

Carbon‐based nanomaterials have significantly pushed the boundary of electrochemical performance of lithium‐based batteries (LBs) thanks to their excellent conductivity, high specific surface area, controllable morphology, and intrinsic stability. Complementary to these inherent properties, various synthetic techniques have been adopted to prepare carbon‐based nanomaterials with diverse structures and different dimensionalities including 1D nanotubes and nanorods, 2D nanosheets and films, and 3D hierarchical architectures, which have been extensively applied as high‐performance electrode materials for energy storage and conversion. The present review aims to outline the structural design and composition engineering of carbon‐based nanomaterials as high‐performance electrodes of LBs including lithium‐ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, and lithium–oxygen batteries. This review mainly focuses on the boosting of electrochemical performance of LBs by rational dimensional design and porous tailoring of advanced carbon‐based nanomaterials. Particular attention is also paid to integrating active materials into the carbon‐based nanomaterials, and the structure–performance relationship is also systematically discussed. The developmental trends and critical challenges in related fields are summarized, which may inspire more ideas for the design of advanced carbon‐based nanostructures with superior properties.

State‐Of‐The‐Art and Future Challenges in High Energy Lithium–Selenium Batteries

“…This finding is different from its S counterpart in ether‐based electrolytes that generally has two couples of plateaus related to the formation of polysulfides intermediates. [ 13,33 ] The direct conversion between Se and Li 2 Se bypassing polyselenides was further disclosed by combining in situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and in situ X‐ray absorption near edge structure measurements. [ 34 ] They believe that the insolubility of polyselenides in carbonate electrolytes is responsible for the single‐phase transformation.…”

Synergistic Effect of Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual‐Doping Endows TiO2 with Exceptional Sodium Storage Performance

“…[ 38,39 ] For example, L.F. Nazar et al developed a “dual‐doping” strategy to achieve a high doping concentration of heteroatoms and the active sites of chemisorption for lithium polysulfides exhibited a prominent increase. [ 39 ] Furthermore, compared with single‐heteroatom doping that enhanced merely one aspect of properties, dual‐heteroatoms doping have demonstrated synergistic effects in improving the overall electrochemical performances in fields of oxygen reduction reactions, [ 40 ] LIBs, [ 41,42 ] SIBs, [ 43 ] and supercapacitors. [ 44 ] As a consequence, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of dual‐heteroatoms doping on the sodium storage performances of anatase TiO 2 anode is crucial.…”

Prelithiation/Presodiation Techniques for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems: Concepts, Applications, and Perspectives

“…[15][16][17][18][19] Note that, the electrochemical performances of these batteries are mainly determined by the electrode materials. [20][21][22] In order to pursue the ever-growing demands for various new applications with higher energy density, tremendous efforts have been put into the researches of exploiting desired electrode materials. [23][24][25] However, the related prelithiation/presodiation techniques, beneficial to achieving enhanced electrochemical performances, have achieved less attentions, which seriously hinder the commercialization progresses of EES systems.…”