Structure, Context, and Ideological Dissonance in Transnational Religious Networks

The Gift Economy of Direct Transnational Civic Action: How Reciprocity and Inequality Are Managed in Religious “Partnerships”

“…Yet, the presence of partnership ideals should not be seen as a reflection of partnership reality. Transnational relationships through STM travel are materially asymmetric, with persons and money overwhelmingly flowing from the United States to foreign communities (Kinney ; Wuthnow ). Two minor themes in the partnership repertoire implicitly reify this inequality (and suggest that the partnership repertoire, on its own, is not sufficient to establish equal partnership).…”

“…Despite the increasing face‐to‐face character of transnational civic engagement like STM travel, relatively little research has addressed how the relationships between travelers to foreign places and members of the foreign community interact with issues of material inequality, spatial separation, and cultural difference, all of which may constrain shared action and weaken emergent transnational solidarity (Bandy ; Boltanksi [1993]; Bornstein ; Offutt ; Stirrat and Henkel ). Theoretically, these obstacles should make civic action difficult or unpalatable to participants by disrupting common focus, reifying inequality, and introducing unmet reciprocity obligations (Clark ; Hutnyk ; Kinney ; Lichterman and Eliasoph ; Stirrat and Henkel ; Vandevelde ). However, the continued popularity of transnational civic action, like STM travel, among both U.S. and foreign organizations suggests the existence of processes that manage interactional hurdles to produce shared action.…”

Religiosity and Generosity: Multi-Level Approaches to Studying the Religiousness of Prosocial Actions

“…In terms of the systematic search, the last decade of research on religiosity and generosity included 11 studies attending to African geographies in JSSR, and 7 in Voluntas (Bennett and Einolf 2017;Compion 2017;Dowd and Sarkissian 2017;Elsayed 2018;Finke and Martin 2014;Hayford and Trinitapoli 2011;Kinney 2015;Kumi 2019;Luria et al 2017;Manglos-Weber 2017;Moyer et al 2012;Offutt 2011;Offutt et al 2016;Popplewell 2018;Sarkissian 2012;Schnable 2016;Weber 2013;Woods 2012). Combined, these 18 articles attend to the following countries: Burkina Faso (4); Egypt (4); Ghana (4); Nigeria (4); South Africa (4); Tanzania (4); Uganda (4); Madagascar (3); Malawi (3); Rwanda (3); Botswana (2); Liberia (2); Mali (2); Mozambique (2); Namibia (2); Zimbabwe (2); Burundi (1); Cabo Verde (1) Cameroon (1); the Republic of the Congo (1); Eswatini or Swaziland (1); Ethiopia (1); Gabon (1); Lesotho (1); Niger (1); Sudan (1); Togo (1); Zambia (1).…”

“…In terms of the systematic search, the last decade of research on religiosity and generosity included 12 studies attending to Asian geographies in JSSR, and 16 in Voluntas (Akboga and Arik 2019;Bennett and Einolf 2017;Borchgrevink 2017;Campbell and Çarko glu 2019;Dinh et al 2020;Finke and Martin 2014;Khvorostianov and Remennick 2017;Kim and Jung 2020;Kinney 2015;Lee and Han 2016a;Luria et al 2017;Lussier 2019;Matsunaga et al 2010;McKendry-Smith 2016;Minton et al 2016;Nezhina and Ibrayeva 2013;Petersen 2012;Sarkissian 2012;Schnable 2016;Shachar 2014;Shor and Roelfs 2013;Southby et al 2019;Strichman et al 2018;Veerasamy et al 2015;Wang 2017;Woods 2012;Wright and Palmer 2018;Zanbar and Itzhaky 2014). Combined, these 28 articles constitute the largest attention among non-Western geographies and publish data on the following countries: Israel (9); Japan (5); China (4); Turkey (3); Vietnam (3); Bangladesh (2); India (2); Indonesia (2); Jordan (2); Kyrgyzstan (2); Nepal (2); Pakistan (2); Saudi Arabia (2); Sri Lanka (2); Taiwan (2); Hong Kong (1); Iran (1); Kazakhstan (1); Korea, South (1); Macedonia, North (1); Malaysia (1); Myanmar, Burma (1); Philippines (1); Singapore (1); Thailand (1); Turkmenistan (1); Uzbekistan (1).…”

“…In terms of the systematic search, the last decade of research on religiosity and generosity included 10 studies attending to Latin American geographies in JSSR, and 3 in Voluntas (Matsunaga et al 2010;Offutt 2011;Finke and Martin 2014;Reed and Pitcher 2015;Kinney 2015;Scheiber 2016;Probasco 2016;Schnable 2016;Bennett and Einolf 2017;Luria et al 2017;Adler and Offutt 2017;Wright and Palmer 2018;Audette et al 2020). Combined, these 13 articles constitute the smallest attention among all the non-Western geographies reviewed in this article and attend to the following countries: Brazil (6); México (5); Argentina (4); El Salvador (4); Perú (4); Chile (3); Colombia (3); República Dominicana (3); Guatemala (3); Nicaragua (3); Costa Rica (2); Ecuador (2); Honduras (2); Panamá (2); Uruguay (2); Venezuela (2); the Bahamas (1); Barbados (1); Belize (1); Bolivia (1); Cuba (1); Haiti (1); Paraguay (1); Puerto Rico (1).…”