“…10 Unexpectedly an effective strategy of P,N-containing macrocycles design was developed based on covalent self-assembly processes in the course of Mannich-type condensations in threecomponent systems: primary phosphine (or secondary diphosphine) --formaldehyde --diamine with spatially divided functional groups (or primary amine). 11 This approach (Scheme 2) allowed to obtaine various types of macrocyclic phosphines, namely cage cyclophanes with 1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane fragment in the basic framework, [12][13][14][15] cyclophanes with linear P,Ncontaining spacers, 11 P,N-containing corands 11, 16-18 and the first P,N-containing cryptand 19,20 with four phosphine centers. 5 However novel ligands showed unpredicted properties like unique reversible slitting of macrocycles on to the smaller cycles, 18 rapid interconversion of isomers catalyzed by both acids and transitional metals, 21 bridging behavior of usually chelating ligands and an unexpectedly high influence of dangling substituents on N-atoms on to the catalytic and luminescent properties of P-complexes.…”