Structure, composition and optical properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition method

Influence of Laser Incident Energy on Chemical Composition, Crystal Structure, Morphology and Band Gap of Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films by Pulsed Laser Deposition

“…The velocities of elements depended on their mass. Cu as a lighter-mass element had a higher flow speed [13], and S element as a lighter-mass element was a volatile element, which leaded to the enrichment of Cu and loss of S in CZTS thin films.…”

“…Cu 2 , and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [11][12][13]. The solid-state reaction of the mixing powder of Cu 2 S, ZnS, and SnS 2 with 1:1:1 mol ratio was used to prepare the target in PLD, and the target directly using the CZTS nanocrystal was not reported.…”

“…The preparation of CZTS thin films was widely investigated, such as atom beam sputtering [3], sulfurization of electron-beam-evaporated precursors [4], co-evaporation [5], spray pyrolysis [6], RF (radio frequency) magnetron sputtering [7], hybrid sputtering [8], electrodeposition [9], thermal evaporation [10], and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [11][12][13]. The solid-state reaction of the mixing powder of Cu 2 S, ZnS, and SnS 2 with 1:1:1 mol ratio was used to prepare the target in PLD, and the target directly using the CZTS nanocrystal was not reported.…”

Synthetic pathway of a Cu2ZnSnS4 powder using low temperature annealing of nanostructured binary sulfides

“…3a). The most intense peak at 329 cm −1 corresponds to kesterite structure [20,21]. The small peaks at 248, 289 and 370 cm −1 could be referred to as 'shoulders' of the main peak.…”

Obtención de estructuras calcopirita (CIGS) y kesterita (CZTS) como absorbentes para dispositivos fotovoltaicos de capa fina mediante métodos de síntesis de bajo coste

“…Algunos trabajos han observado desplazamientos importantes con respecto a 338 cm -1 con respecto al modo de vibración principal [290] atribuyéndolo a la presencia de una tensión compresiva interna en la capa la cual induce a un movimiento del pico Raman situado alrededor de 338 cm -1 hacia valores de longitud de onda menores [291]. Esta tensión está relacionada según diversos estudios con una baja cristalinidad de la fase CZTS o una deficitaria introducción del S en la estructura, obteniéndose picos más cercanos a 338 cm -1 (CZTS) cuanto mayor carácter cristalino presenta la muestra [290,291]. Así pues la baja cristalinidad de la muestra observada en DRX (Figura 103 c) pueden ser relacionado con la fase SnS-SnS 2 [292].…”