Structure and synthesis of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid of prokaryotes.

Pace, Norman R.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.37.4.562-603.1973

Cited by 107 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 229 publications

(347 reference statements)

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“…Assuming a lactococcal genome size of 3 × 103 kb [21] and a rRNA operon size of about 4.5 kb (Fig. 1), about 0.9% of the lactococcal genome is devoted to rRNA synthesis a fraction close to that (0.6-0.8%) estimated for several other eubacteria [22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Cloning and partial characterization of genes for ribosomal ribonucleic acid in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis

Beresford

Condón

1991

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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A cosmid gene library of the genome of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis 712 was probed for the presence of 16S rRNA genes, using 32P 5' end-labelled 16S rRNA fragments. Cosmid DNA from positive clones responsible for hybridisation was subcloned into a high copy number vector and a restriction map was constructed. The location of the 16S, 23S and 5S rRNA genes was determined on this map. Transcriptional promoter activity was identified upstream of the 5' end of the 16S rRNA gene. By probing L. lactis 712 chromosomal DNA cut with a range of restriction endonucleases, with a conserved oligonucleotide to the 5' end of the 16S rRNA gene, 6 copies of rRNA genes were identified.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Cloning and partial characterization of genes for ribosomal ribonucleic acid in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis

Beresford

Condón

1991

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…Comparison of the highly conservative cistrons coding for ribosomal RNA by DNA-rRNA hybridization techniques has proven a valuable method to elucidate the degree of relationship among distantly related organisms [16][17][18]. This method was therefore used to investigate the relationship between P. saccharolyticus and representatives of the genera Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.…”

Section: Dna-rrna Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic acid homology studies between Peptococcus saccharolyticus and various anaerobic and facultative anaerobic Gram-positive cocci

Kilpper

1980

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The taxonomic position of Peptococcus saccharo-l~epticus is'uncertain [1 ]. The exclusion from the genus tococcus, due to its capacity to ferment sugars [1 ], was justified by results of Schleifer and Nimmermann [2] who showed that the cell wall composition of P. saceharolyticus was characteristic of staphylococci [3,4] ; a finding that may indicate a certain relationship between these two groups of bacteria. The aim of the present study was to determine the genetic relationship ofP. saccharolyticus to other anaerobic and facultative anaerobic Gram.positive cocci usi/ag DNA-rRNA and DNA-DNA hybridization techniques. It could be dearly demonstrated that P. saccharolyticus is genetically related to staphylococci. Materials and methods Organisms and growth conditionsThe strains used are listed in Table 1. Apart from anaerobic and facultative anaerobic cocci, Lactobacillus acidophilus was included as an unrelated reference strain with a similar DNA base composition. Staphylococci were cultivated aerobically in peptone-yeast extract-glucose-NaC1 bouillon [5]. All the other strains, except for L. acidophilus and Pediococcus pentosaceus, which were grown in MRS medium [6], were cultivated anaerobically in a simplified PYG medium [7]. Glucose in this medium was replaced by glycine or glutamine for cultivation ofP. variabilis and P. aerogenes. The incubation temperature was 37°C. Ceils were harvested in the late logarithmic growth phase. In order to label DNA or rRNA, the bacteria were grown in broth, in which yeast-extract was replaced by 2/aCi/ml of [6-3H] thymidine and [5,6-3H]uracil, respectively. Specific activities obtained by this method were in the range of 1 • 104-7 • l0 s for [3H]DNA and of 1 • 104-1 • l0 s for [3H]-rRNA. DNA isolation and re-associationExtraction of labelled and unlabelled DNA was carried out using Marmur's method [8], with modifications described by Meyer and Sehleifer [9,10]. Fixation of unlabelled DNA on nitrocellulose filters was performed according to the method of Gillespie and Spiegelmann [11 ]. DNA-DNA hybridization experi. ments were accomplished following the procedure described by McConaughy et al. [12] in 3 X SSC (Standard Saline Citrate: 0.15 M NaC1, 0.015 M sodium citrate, pH 7.0) containing 10% formamide at 58°C for 30 h. At an average G + C-content of 34 mol%, these conditions correspond to a temperature of 25°C below the thermal melting point of the DNA [13]. The ratio of filter-bound DNA to labelled, frag. mented, DNA in solution was approx. 75 : 1.The percentage of radio-activity bound in the heterologous reaction was normalized to the percentage of radio-activity bound in the homologous reaction and expressed as an homology value. rRNA isolationUptake of [5,6-all]uracil into cells was followed by measuring the decrease of radio-activity in the

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“…Rhodopseudomonas capsulata (reviewed by Pace, 1973), of Leptospira interrogans (Hsu et ai. 1990), and of many salmonellae (Winkler, 1979: Smith et ai.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intervening sequences (IVSs) in the 23S ribosomal RNA genes of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica strains. The IVSs in Y enterocolitica and Salmonella typhimurium have a common origin

Skurnik

Toivanen

1991

Molecular Microbiology

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The 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was shown to be in two fragments in pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica. The cleavage site in the structural gene of the 23S rRNA was occupied by an intervening sequence (IVS) of about 100 nucleotides, analogous to IVSs found in salmonellae (Burgin et al., 1990). Nucleotide sequences of IVSs of several Y. enterocolitica strains revealed that the IVSs of the highly virulent Y. enterocolitica serotypes strains, and the IVS of Salmonella typhimurium were about 90% similar. On the other hand, the IVSs of the highly and the poorly virulent Y. enterocolitica serotypes were only about 60% similar. These results give the impression that at some point during the IVS evolution, the highly virulent Y. enterocolitica and S. typhimurium both received their IVSs at about the same time from the same source, and that the poorly virulent serotypes received their IVSs earlier. We also found that strain LB5010, derived by extended mutagenization of S. typhimurium LT2, had lost the IVSs originally present in LT2, and that this loss had created a new 'hairpin loop' which substituted for the original 'hairpin loop'.

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Structure and synthesis of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid of prokaryotes.

Cited by 107 publications

References 229 publications

Cloning and partial characterization of genes for ribosomal ribonucleic acid in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis

Cloning and partial characterization of genes for ribosomal ribonucleic acid in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis

Nucleic acid homology studies between Peptococcus saccharolyticus and various anaerobic and facultative anaerobic Gram-positive cocci

Intervening sequences (IVSs) in the 23S ribosomal RNA genes of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica strains. The IVSs in Y enterocolitica and Salmonella typhimurium have a common origin

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