Structure and serology of O-antigens as the basis for classification of <i>Proteus</i> strains

Knirel, Yuriy A.; Perepelov, Andrei V.; Kondakova, Anna N.; Senchenkova, Sof’ya N.; Sidorczyk, Zygmunt; Różalski, Antoni; Kaca, Wiesław

doi:10.1177/1753425909360668

Cited by 64 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(205 reference statements)

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“…Swarmer cells translocation is facilitated by an extracellular acidic polysaccharide designated as Cmf (colony migration factor), which acts as a lubricant, reducing surface friction (GYGI et al 1995). This capsular polysaccharide is structurally identical with the O-specific part of Proteus LPS serogroup O6 (KNIREL et al 2011). Most likely, Proteus O-specific polysaccharides are important for the swarming.…”

Section: Swarming Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The differences in the structure of O-antigens serve as a basis for the serological classification of Proteus strains. The serological classification scheme currently consists of 78 serogroups (DRZEWIECKA et al 2004, DRZEWIECKA & SIDORCZYK 2005, KNIREL et al 2011 The core region of Proteus lipopolysaccharides was studied by use of rough mutants or smooth forms classified into different serogroups (RADZIEJEWSKA-LEBRECHT et al 1989, VINOGRADOV et al 1994. The structural diversity of the core is characteristic for Proteus spp.…”

Section: Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteus sp. – an opportunistic bacterial pathogen – classification, swarming growth, clinical significance and virulence factors

et al. 2012

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The genus Proteus belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, where it is placed in the tribe Proteeae, together with the genera Morganella and Providencia. Currently, the genus Proteus consists of five species: P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. penneri, P. hauseri and P. myxofaciens, as well as three unnamed Proteus genomospecies. The most defining characteristic of Proteus bacteria is a swarming phenomenon, a multicellular differentiation process of short rods to elongated swarmer cells. It allows population of bacteria to migrate on solid surface. Proteus bacteria inhabit the environment and are also present in the intestines of humans and animals. These microorganisms under favorable conditions cause a number of infections including urinary tract infections (UTIs), wound infections, meningitis in neonates or infants and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, Proteus is known as a bacterial opportunistic pathogen. It causes complicated UTIs with a higher frequency, compared to other uropathogens. Proteus infections are accompanied by a formation of urinary stones, containing struvite and carbonate apatite. The virulence of Proteus rods has been related to several factors including fimbriae, flagella, enzymes (urease - hydrolyzing urea to CO2 and NH3, proteases degrading antibodies, tissue matrix proteins and proteins of the complement system), iron acqusition systems and toxins: hemolysins, Proteus toxin agglutinin (Pta), as well as an endotoxin - lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Proteus rods form biofilm, particularly on the surface of urinary catheters, which can lead to serious consequences for patients. In this review we present factors involved in the regulation of swarming phenomenon, discuss the role of particular pathogenic features of Proteus spp., and characterize biofilm formation by these bacteria.

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Section: Swarming Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteus sp. – an opportunistic bacterial pathogen – classification, swarming growth, clinical significance and virulence factors

et al. 2012

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“…Therefore, we propose classifying Pt. mirabilis 12 B-r into Proteus serogroup O8 as a representative of a new O8a,b subgroup and placing into the O8a subgroup strains of various Proteus species that have been previously combined into the O8 serogroup (Drzewiecka et al, 2004;Knirel et al, 2011;Perepelov et al, 1999;Zych et al, 2005). Epitope 'b' is shared by Pt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…vulgaris, Pt. penneri and Proteus genomospecies 5 (Drzewiecka et al, 2004;Knirel et al, 2011;Perepelov et al, 1999;Zych et al, 2005). One can suggest that this O-antigen form might spread by a horizontal gene transfer in the course of the convergent adaptation of strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunochemical characterization of the O antigens of two Proteus strains, O8-related antigen of Proteus mirabilis 12 B-r and O2-related antigen of Proteus genomospecies 5/6 12 B-k, infecting a hospitalized patient in Poland

et al. 2016

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A hospitalized 73-year-old woman was infected with a Proteus mirabilis strain, 12 B-r, isolated from the place of injection of a blood catheter. Another strain, 12 B-k, recognized as Proteus genomospecies 5 or 6, was isolated from the patient's faeces, which was an example of a nosocomial infection rather than an auto-infection. Serological investigation using ELISA and Western blotting showed that strain 12 B-k from faeces belonged to the Proteus O2 serogroup. Strain 12 B-r from the wound displayed cross-reactions with several Proteus O serogroups due to common epitopes on the core or O-specific parts of the lipopolysaccharide. Studies of the isolated 12 B-r O-specific polysaccharide by NMR spectroscopy revealed its close structural similarity to that of Proteus O8. The only difference in 12 B-r was the presence of an additional GlcNAc-linked phosphoethanolamine residue, which creates a putative epitope responsible for the cross-reactivity with Pt. mirabilis O16. The new O-antigen form could appear as a result of adaptation of the bacterium to a changing environment. On the basis of the data obtained, we suggest division of the O8 serogroup into two subgroups: O8a for strains of various Proteus species that have been previously classified into the O8 serogroup, and O8a,b for Pt. mirabilis 12 B-r, where 'a' is a common epitope and 'b' is a phosphoethanolamine-associated epitope. These findings further confirm serological and structural heterogeneity of O antigens of Proteus strains isolated lately from patients in Poland.

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Stereoselective Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Common O‐antigen of P. mirabilisOE and P. vulgarisTG103

Lai

Yang

et al. 2023

Chin. J. Chem.

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Comprehensive Summary Proteus species especially Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris are zoonotic pathogens which can cause public health disease. Owing to their antibiotic‐resistance, developing vaccines against these pathogens is urgently required. Herein, we describe the first synthesis of the common O‐antigen of Proteus mirabilis OE and Proteus vulgaris TG 103. The repeating unit incorporates two challenging 1,2‐cis‐glycosidic bonds: the 1,2‐cis‐2‐acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐glucosidic bonds were successfully constructed by use of conformation‐restrained 2‐nitroglucal donor under bifunctional organothiourea catalysis; while the 1,2‐cis‐2‐acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐galactosidic bonds were formed by use of di‐tert‐butylsilylidene protected 2‐azidogalactose donors. The synthetic fragments were screened by glycan microarray with immunized rabbit sera against purified LPS from Proteus mirabilis O54. The results revealed that the synthetic common O‐antigens both hexasaccharide 2 and nonasaccharide 3 can strongly bind with the IgG antibodies (Abs) in the sera, which is highly valuable for further immunological investigation in synthetic carbohydrate‐based vaccine development.

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Structure and serology of O-antigens as the basis for classification of Proteus strains

Cited by 64 publications

References 137 publications

Proteus sp. – an opportunistic bacterial pathogen – classification, swarming growth, clinical significance and virulence factors

Proteus sp. – an opportunistic bacterial pathogen – classification, swarming growth, clinical significance and virulence factors

Immunochemical characterization of the O antigens of two Proteus strains, O8-related antigen of Proteus mirabilis 12 B-r and O2-related antigen of Proteus genomospecies 5/6 12 B-k, infecting a hospitalized patient in Poland

Stereoselective Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Common O‐antigen of P. mirabilisOE and P. vulgarisTG103

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