Structure and Properties of Metallurgical-grade Silicon

Zhilkаshinova, Almira; Kabdrakhmanova, Sana; Troyeglazova, Anna V.; Аbilev, Мadi

doi:10.1007/s12633-017-9751-6

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Carbon and high purity quartz react in the electric arc furnace at temperatures as high as 2,000 • C. The received metallurgical Si can be widely used in alloy metallurgy, semiconductor industry and organosilicone chemical engineering. The higher purity electro-grade and solar-grade Si ingots can be obtained by the modified Siemens method or Czochralski method (Kawado et al, 1986;Yoshikawa and Morita, 2012;Zhilkashinova et al, 2018). Nanostructured Si, especially porous Si and Si nanowires can be produced by etching Si wafers in an HF or alkaline solution.…”

Section: Preparation Methods Of Silicon-based Negative Electrode Matementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Tan

Jiang

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been one of the most predominant rechargeable power sources due to their high energy/power density and long cycle life. As one of the most promising candidates for the new generation negative electrode materials in LIBs, silicon has the advantages of high specific capacity, a lithiation potential range close to that of lithium deposition, and rich abundance in the earth’s crust. However, the commercial use of silicon in LIBs is still limited by the short cycle life and poor rate performance due to the severe volume change during Li++ insertion/extraction, as well as the unsatisfactory conduction of electron and Li+ through silicon matrix. Therefore, many efforts have been made to control and stabilize the structures of silicon. Magnesiothermic reduction has been extensively demonstrated as a promising process for making porous silicon with micro- or nanosized structures for better electrochemical performance in LIBs. This article provides a brief but critical overview of magnesiothermic reduction under various conditions in several aspects, including the thermodynamics and mechanism of the reaction, the influences of the precursor and reaction conditions on the dynamics of the reduction, and the interface control and its effect on the morphology as well as the final performance of the silicon. These outcomes will bring about a clearer vision and better understanding on the production of silicon by magnesiothermic reduction for LIBs application.

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Section: Preparation Methods Of Silicon-based Negative Electrode Matementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Tan

Jiang

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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“…In order to select reinforcing and liquid-phase additives for SiC ceramic sintering, it is necessary to select the optimal ratio, amount and calculate the eutectic of impurities promoting ceramic sintering at a temperature of 1800 °C in a weakly reducing CO atmosphere. The significant affinity of aluminum for oxygen, as well as the cubic lattice of the synthesized yttrium aluminum garnet, make it possible to prevent the carbidization of the complex oxide up to a temperature of 2040 °C [22][23][24][25]. Metals that form oxides of the cubic system have the highest affinity for oxygen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the structure and properties of SiC ceramics

Zhilkashinova

Аbilev

et al. 2022

phst

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This paper presents the results of the entropy calculation of the equilibrium constants of chemical reactions at liquid-phase sintering of SiC ceramics with eutectic additives. The composition of the charge for sintering ceramics with nanoadditives forming the liquid phase was determined: MnO nano 1.5 wt. % + Al 2 O 3nano 2 wt.% + SiC µm 94 wt. % + SiO 2µm 2.5 wt. %. Possible chemical reactions of liquid-phase sintering of ceramics at a temperature of 1800 °C in a weakly reducing CO medium were established. The values of the change in the Gibbs energy for all possible chemical reactions at a sintering temperature of 1800 °C were calculated by the method of entropy calculation of the equilibrium constants. The elements of the liquid phase and reinforcing additives were determined.The elements of the liquid phase and reinforcing additives were determined. The structure and properties of finished sintered ceramic samples were studied. Microstructural analysis of ceramics indicated its grain structure with an average grain size of ~10 µm. The main phase components of the ceramics based on silicon oxide were determined. It was found that the sample consists of three main phases: modification of the ring radical of silicate Si 3 O 6 , silicon dioxide SiO 2 and anorthoclase (SiAl)O 4 .

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“…According to the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy analysis, the purity of metallurgical silicon is about 99.4%, and the contents of impurity elements are 3658, 2175, 298, 25, and 11 ppm for Fe, Al, Ca, P, and B, respectively. Considering the high concentration of the impurities in metallurgical silicon, it can be regarded as a heavily P-doped polysilicon, and the minor carrier mobility μ n in the highly doped region was restricted around 10 1 to 10 2 cm/V s. ,,, The minor carrier lifetime τ n derived from transient photoluminescence spectra as 1.09 ns was measured as shown in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that aspect, metallurgical silicon should be the better material. However, the impurity content in metallurgical silicon is more than 1%, which introduces defects and recombination centers up to 10 21 cm –3 and significantly deteriorates the electrical properties of silicon including conductivity, carrier mobility, minor carrier lifetime, and so on. , Because of the limited electrical properties of metallurgical silicon, which is known as an electronically dead material, purification and refinement are needed for further utilization . The complex purification step required high energy consumption, which is neither economically feasible nor environment-friendly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Silicon Photocatalyst for High-Efficiency Photocatalytic Water Splitting

Peng

2020

ACS Omega

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Metallurgical silicon was studied for photocatalytic H2 evolution activity. It has been found that metallurgical silicon with large particle size (above 800 nm) possesses poor photocatalytic activity because of the deteriorating photoelectric performance of the low-purity silicon. After size reduction (around 400 nm) and metal nanoparticle decoration, the photocatalytic performance was significantly enhanced to 1003.3 μmol·g–1·h–1. However, the photocatalytic performance of the Cu-, Ag-, and Pt-decorated silicon is degraded with the increase of time. Moreover, the degradation is independent of the metal. Electrochemical test and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that the Mott–Schottky effect in the metal–silicon contact should be responsible for the degradation. After forming a heterojunction by vulcanizing the Ag-decorated silicon, the degradation was suppressed. Upgradation of the metal–silicon contact to form a heterojunction was a promising way to suppress the degradation and retain the high photocatalytic performance.

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Structure and Properties of Metallurgical-grade Silicon

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Study of the structure and properties of SiC ceramics

Design of a Silicon Photocatalyst for High-Efficiency Photocatalytic Water Splitting

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