Structure and Output Characteristics of a TEM Array Fitted to a Fin Heat Exchanger

Abstract

In the design of a thermoelectric generator, both the heat transfer area and the number of thermoelectric modules (TEMs) should be increased accordingly as the generator power increases; crucially, both aspects need to be coordinated. A kilowatt thermoelectric generator with a fin heat exchanger is proposed for use in a constant-speed diesel generator unit. Interior fins enhance convective heat transfer, whereas an exterior fin segment increases the heat transfer area. The heat transfer surface is double that of a plane heat exchanger, and the temperature field over the exterior fins is constrained to a one-dimensional distribution. Between adjoining exterior fins, there is a cooling water channel with trapezoid cross-section, enabling compact TEMs and cooling them. Hence, more TEMs are built as a series-parallel array of TEMs with lower resistance and more stable output current. Under nonuniform conditions, to prevent circulation and energy loss, bypass diodes and antidiodes are added. Experiments and numerical calculations show that, with matching and optimization of the heat exchanger and TEM array, a stable maximum output power is obtainable from the interior of the thermoelectric generator system, which can be connected to an external maximum power point tracking system.

Topology Optimization of Segmented Thermoelectric Generators

“…The performance of TEGs is among other parameters governed by the size of the reservoirs and the magnitude of the thermal heat transfer at the boundaries [8,[10][11][12]. Studies of TEGs with limited heat transfer have been investigated for various problems such as micro-heat exchangers [13][14][15], air-to-air heat exchangers [16][17][18][19], as well as fluid-based heat exchangers [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

A thermoelectric power generating heat exchanger: Part I – Experimental realization

“…Another direction of design considered is heat exchangers using air as one of the heat transfer fluids [7], where a power generating heat exchanger was shown to produce a power of 110 W from 279 TEG modules from a domestic atmospheric gas boiler [8]. In a somewhat conceptually similar system, Zhang et al [9] considered an air to air heat exchanger with TEGs and a finned heat exchanger design. Using 112 TEG, a total power of 250 W was produced using the exhaust from a diesel generator.…”