Structure and organization of Marchantia polymorpha chloroplast genome

Ohyama, Kanji; Fukuzawa, Hideya; Kohchi, Takayuki; Sano, Tomoaki; Сано, С.; Shirai, Hiroyuki; Umesono, Kazuhiko; Shiki, Yasuhiko; Takeuchi, Masayuki; Aota, Zhen Chang Shin-ichi; Inokuchi, Hachiro; Ozeki, Haruo

doi:10.1016/0022-2836(88)90001-0

Cited by 127 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The capability of synthesizing chlorophyll in the dark has been attributed to the operation of a light-independent pathway of Pchlide reduction. At least a few of the enzymes involved in this pathway and their genes have been identified in cyanobacteria, such as Plectonema boryanum (Fujita et al, 1991), in green algae, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Roitgrund and Mets, 1990;Suzuki and Bauer, 1992), in conifers, such as pine (Lidholm and Gustafsson, 1991), and in liverwort Ohyama et al, 1988;., 1989). One of the genes studied in detail is the algal chlL (Suzuki and Bauer, 1992) and its counterpart in the plastid genome of liverwort, frxC (Sugiura, 1992).…”

Section: This Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulation of Enzymes Involved in Chlorophyll Biosynthesis

Reinbothe

1996

European Journal of Biochemistry

124

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All living organisms contain tetrapyrroles. In plants, chlorophyll (chlorophyll a plus chlorophyll b) is the most abundant and probably most important tetrapyrrole. It is involved in light absorption and energy transduction during photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is synthesized from the intact carbon skeleton of glutamate via the C, pathway. This pathway takes place in the chloroplast. It is the aim of this review to summarize the current knowledge on the biochemistry and molecular biology of the C,-pathway enzymes, their regulated expression in response to light, and the impact of chlorophyll biosynthesis on chloroplast development. Particular emphasis will be placed on the key regulatory steps of chlorophyll biosynthesis in higher plants, such as 5-aminolevulinic acid formation, the production of Mg*+-protoporphyrin IX, and light-dependent protochlorophyllide reduction.

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Section: This Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulation of Enzymes Involved in Chlorophyll Biosynthesis

Reinbothe

1996

European Journal of Biochemistry

124

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“…For this analysis, a 2.1-kb Bglll-Hincll fragment containing the frxC chloroplast gene of liverwort was subcloned from plasmid pMP323. pMP323 contains a 6.9-kb Bglll fragment (Bg6) of the liverwort chloroplast genome (Ohyama et al, 1988a). The subclone of frxC was random-primer labeled (Random Primed DNA Labeling Kit; US Biochemical Corp.) with 3*P-dATP (Amersham) and hybridized against a DNA gel blot of purified Chlamydomonas chloroplast DNA that was digested with various restriction enzymes.…”

Section: Chll Lsolation and Sequence Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-independent chlorophyll biosynthesis: involvement of the chloroplast gene chlL (frxC).

1992

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The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast gene chlL (frxC) is shown to be involved in the light-independent conversion of pmtochlomphyllide to chlorophyllide. The polypeptide encoded by chlL contains a striking 53% amino acid sequence identity with the bacteriochlorophyll (bch) biosynthesis bchL gene product in the photosynthetlc bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus. In a previous analysis, we demonstrated that bchL was involved in light-independent protochlorophyllide reduction, thereby impllcating chlL in light-independent protochlorophyllide reduction in photosynthetic eukaryotes. To perform a functionallmutational analysis of chlL, we utilized particle gun-mediated transformation to disrupt the structural sequence of chlL at its endogenous locus in the chloroplast genome of Chlamydomonas. Transformants for which the multicopy chloroplast genome was homoplasmic for the disrupted chlL allele exhibit a "yellow-in-the-dark" phenotype that we demonstrated to be a result of the dark accumulation of protochlorophyllide. The presence of a chlL homolog in distantly related bacteria and nonflowering land plants, which are thought to be capable of synthesizing chlorophyll in the dark, was also demonstrated by cross-hybridization analysis. In contrast, we observed no cross-hybridiration of a probe of chlL to DNA samples from representative angiosperms that require light for chlorophyll synthesis, in support of our conclusion that chlL is involved in light-independent chlorophyll biosynthesis. The role of chlL in protochlorophyllide reduction as well as recent evidence that both light-independent and light-dependent protochlorophyllide reductases may be of bacterial origin are discussed.

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“…liverwort ctDNA. 20 ) Positive signals were detected in four clones; pMP389, pMP376, pMP055, and pMP323 ( Fig. 4 and 5).…”

Section: Gene Organizationmentioning

confidence: 92%