Structure and Morphology of Organic Semiconductor–Nanoparticle Hybrids Prepared by Soft Deposition

Banerjee, Rupak; Novák, Jiřı́; Gîrleanu, Maria; Ersen, Ovidiu; Brinkmann, Martin; Anger, F.; Lorch, Christian; Dieterle, Johannes; Gerlach, Alexander; Drnec, Jakub; Yu, Shun; Schreiber, Frank

doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b00480

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The inverse is not true, as there will be an energetic penalty paid when covering a low energy substrate with a high surface energy thin film, which is the case for pentacene on PTCDI-C n . A similar observation was made recently by Banerjee et al, 49 in their examination of heterostructures of the small molecule organic, diindenoperylene, and gold nanoparticles. In this work, changing the order of deposition led to significant changes in morphology, with diinedoperylene in some cases displaying morphologies similar to that observed here for pentacene.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

When the Sequence of Thin Film Deposition Matters: Examination of Organic-on-Organic Heterostructure Formation Using Molecular Beam Techniques and in Situ Real Time X-ray Synchrotron Radiation

et al. 2016

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We have examined the growth of bilayers and superlattices of pentacene and perylene derivatives (PTCDI-C n ) using in situ real time X-ray synchrotron radiation techniques and ex situ atomic force microscopy. We find that the growth of PTCDI-C n layers on 1 monolayer (ML) of pentacene is initially 2D layer-by-layer (LbL), eventually transitioning to a mode of growth that is more 3D after several monolayers have been deposited. We find that the extent of 2D LbL growth depends on the length of the alkyl end chains, C n : the smoothest films are formed with PTCDI-C 5 , while the roughest are formed with PTCDI-C 13 . These observations reflect a difference in the Ehrlich−Schwoebel barrier for step-edge crossing with alkyl end-chain length. When the sequence of deposition is reversed, we observe spectacular changes in the evolution of surface roughness for the growth of pentacene thin films on 1 ML of PTCDI-C n . The growth is immediately 3D, while still remaining crystalline. The morphology of these thin films indicates significant reorganization of the deposited pentacene during and/or subsequent to growth, producing 3D islands that can only form if "uphill" transport is operative. Surface energy is driving this process, where the growth of high surface energy layers (pentacene) on low surface energy materials (PTCDI-C n ) is not favored, resulting in significant reorganization. Well-ordered superlattices of pentacene and PTCDI-C n cannot be grown, consistent with our results on the bilayers. We find that thin film roughness increases abruptly with the deposition of the second ML of pentacene or the formation of the first pentacene-on-PTCDI-C n interface. Our results indicate that the successful growth of superlattices of small molecular organic thin films will require matching of surface energies to minimize the driving forces for reorganization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

When the Sequence of Thin Film Deposition Matters: Examination of Organic-on-Organic Heterostructure Formation Using Molecular Beam Techniques and in Situ Real Time X-ray Synchrotron Radiation

et al. 2016

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“…The thickness of the DIP film is ∼20 nm, which is a typical thickness for pure DIP in organic thin film solar cells [19]. The DIP film is expected to be corrugated due to the underlying nanowires, nevertheless it should completely cover the grating structure [55]. The simulation model of the nanowire grating and the hybrid system is designed according to the experimental properties (see Sec.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing light absorption in organic semiconductor thin films by one-dimensional gold nanowire gratings

Gollmer

Lorch

Schreiber

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Materials

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The interaction of metallic plasmonic nanostructures and organic semiconductor thin films plays a crucial role in engineering light harvesting and energy transfer processes, e.g., for optoelectronic applications. Plasmonic resonances of the metal structures can be used to increase the light emission or absorption of organic molecules. Here small molecules are employed since they can form organic layers with a defined crystalline order and orientation of the transition dipole. Extinction measurements combined with numerical simulations of a hybrid system consisting of a gold nanowire grating and a thin film of diindenoperylene (DIP) are reported. The experimental results are compared to the simulations and indicate an enhanced absorption in the wavelength region corresponding to the transition from the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of DIP. This enhancement is found to be related to the localized field enhancement near the individual nanostructures as well as to grating-induced effects. Notably, the hybrid system also exhibits parallel lattice resonances, which have recently been discussed for two-dimensional (2D) gold nanostructure arrays. In this study a hybrid plasmonic-organic small molecule system exhibiting these modes is investigated. The results for this model system show a way to modify the optical properties of plasmonic nanostructures by collective effects to achieve stronger light-matter interaction in a wide range of hybrid plasmonic systems.

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“…61 Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images were taken with a JPK NanoWizard II setup (JPK Instruments AG, Germany) in tapping mode. 62 Infrared spectra were acquired using a Vertex 70 (Bruker, Germany) spectrometer in transmission mode at 74°(Brewster's angle of silicon).…”

Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in optical absorption spectra were monitored during film growth using a differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) setup consisting of a fiber coupled USB2000+ spectrometer and a DH-2000 lamp (Ocean Optics, The Netherlands) . Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images were taken with a JPK NanoWizard II setup (JPK Instruments AG, Germany) in tapping mode . Infrared spectra were acquired using a Vertex 70 (Bruker, Germany) spectrometer in transmission mode at 74° (Brewster’s angle of silicon).…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-Dependent Charge Transfer in Molecular Perylene-Based Donor/Acceptor Systems and Role of Side Chains

et al. 2020

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In organic electronics and optoelectronics several crucial physical processes are related to charge transfer (CT) effects. In this work, we investigate mixing behavior and intermolecular coupling of donor and acceptor molecules in thin films prepared by organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD). Diindenoperylene (DIP) and pentacene (PEN) are used as the donor materials, and perylene diimide derivatives PDIR-CN 2 and PDIF-CN 2 as the acceptor materials.. The formation of charge transfer complexes coupled in the electronic excited state vs. noninteracting phase separating components is studied by structural and optical techniques. The CT mechanism and properties are considered in close connection with the thin film microstructure of the D/A blends which can be controlled via a change of the molecule geometry and/or growth temperature. We discuss two key findings for our systems: (1) The CT intensity correlates directly with the possibility of cocrystallization between acceptor and donor. (2) Side chain modification to tune the ground state energy levels has nearly no effect on the energy of the excited state CT, whereas replacement of molecular core modifies the CT energy correspondingly.

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Structure and Morphology of Organic Semiconductor–Nanoparticle Hybrids Prepared by Soft Deposition

Cited by 5 publications

References 77 publications

When the Sequence of Thin Film Deposition Matters: Examination of Organic-on-Organic Heterostructure Formation Using Molecular Beam Techniques and in Situ Real Time X-ray Synchrotron Radiation

When the Sequence of Thin Film Deposition Matters: Examination of Organic-on-Organic Heterostructure Formation Using Molecular Beam Techniques and in Situ Real Time X-ray Synchrotron Radiation

Enhancing light absorption in organic semiconductor thin films by one-dimensional gold nanowire gratings

Structure-Dependent Charge Transfer in Molecular Perylene-Based Donor/Acceptor Systems and Role of Side Chains

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