Structure and molecular mechanism of bacterial transcription activation

Kompaniiets, Dmytro; Wang, Dong; Yang, Yang; Hu, Yangbo; Liu, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2023.10.001

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…S4). Most transcription activators that interact with domain 3-4 of sigma factor 70 bind DNA close to the −35 element of their target promoters 54 , however, we noted that GafY binds far upstream of the −35 region and strictly requires IHF for transcription activation (Fig. 9b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…9b). IHF is a known DNAbinding and bending transcriptional factor [39][40][41][42] , and it has been wellestablished that IHF-induced DNA bending enables bacterial enhancerbinding proteins (bEBPs), which bind far upstream of the core promoter region, to contact RNAP-sigma factor 54 holo-enzyme prerecruited on the promoter to activate transcription 54,55 . We reason that IHF might perform a similar DNA-bending role to enable GafY to loop over to contact domain 3-4 of sigma factor 70 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of a gene transfer agent cluster in Caulobacter crescentus by transcriptional activation and anti-termination

Tran,

2024

Nat Commun

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Gene Transfer Agents (GTAs) are phage-like particles that cannot self-multiply and be infectious. Caulobacter crescentus, a bacterium best known as a model organism to study bacterial cell biology and cell cycle regulation, has recently been demonstrated to produce bona fide GTA particles (CcGTA). Since C. crescentus ultimately die to release GTA particles, the production of GTA particles must be tightly regulated and integrated with the host physiology to prevent a collapse in cell population. Two direct activators of the CcGTA biosynthetic gene cluster, GafY and GafZ, have been identified, however, it is unknown how GafYZ controls transcription or how they coordinate gene expression of the CcGTA gene cluster with other accessory genes elsewhere on the genome for complete CcGTA production. Here, we show that the CcGTA gene cluster is transcriptionally co-activated by GafY, integration host factor (IHF), and by GafZ-mediated transcription anti-termination. We present evidence that GafZ is a transcription anti-terminator that likely forms an anti-termination complex with RNA polymerase, NusA, NusG, and NusE to bypass transcription terminators within the 14 kb CcGTA cluster. Overall, we reveal a two-tier regulation that coordinates the synthesis of GTA particles in C. crescentus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of a gene transfer agent cluster in Caulobacter crescentus by transcriptional activation and anti-termination

Tran,

2024

Nat Commun

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“…1). Many bacterial promoters are subject to regulation by activation, and several strategies are used, with regulatory factors primarily interacting either with specific promoter DNA elements (promoter-centric regulation) or with the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP-centric regulation) (1)(2)(3). Mechanisms to activate the expression of specific transcripts have evolved to exploit the 'hardware' that assures transcription, so, firstly, here, we briefly outline the molecular biology of bacterial transcript initiation and its context, before describing different regulatory mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription activation in Escherichia coli and Salmonella

Busby,

Browning

2024

EcoSal Plus

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Promoter-specific activation of transcript initiation provides an important regulatory device in Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Here, we describe the different mechanisms that operate, focussing on how they have evolved to manage the 'housekeeping' bacterial transcription machinery. Some mechanisms involve assisting the bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, or replacing or remodelling one of its subunits. Others are directed to chromosomal DNA, improving promoter function or relieving repression. We discuss how different activators work together at promoters, and how the present complex network of transcription factors evolved.

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