Structure and Methylation of 35S rDNA in Allopolyploids Anemone multifida (2n = 4x = 32, BBDD) and Anemone baldensis (2n = 6x = 48, AABBDD) and Their Parental Species Show Evidence of Nucleolar Dominance

Mlinarec, Jelena; Boštjančić, Ljudevit Luka; Malenica, Nenad; Jurković, Adela; Boland, Todd; Yakovlev, S.; Besendorfer, Višnja

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.908218

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…In interspecific or intergeneric hybridizations, rRNA genes from both parents are actively transcribed (Borowska‐Zuchowska et al., 2021; Matyasek et al., 2016; Sochorova et al., 2017). However, in other cases, only rRNA genes inherited from one parent are actively transcribed, while those from the other progenitors are transcriptionally silenced (Borowska‐Zuchowska et al., 2020; Chen & Pikaard, 1997b; Guo & Han, 2014; Mirzaghaderi et al., 2017; Mlinarec et al., 2022; Sochorova et al., 2017; Xiao et al., 2016). Nucleolar dominance (ND) refers to the epigenetic phenomenon where rRNA genes from only one parent are transcriptionally active (Lawrence & Pikaard, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights on the evolution of nucleolar dominance in newly resynthesized hexaploid wheat Triticum zhukovskyi

et al. 2023

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SUMMARYNucleolar dominance (ND) is a widespread epigenetic phenomenon in hybridizations where nucleolus transcription fails at the nucleolus organizer region (NOR). However, the dynamics of NORs during the formation of Triticum zhukovskyi (GGAuAuAmAm), another evolutionary branch of allohexaploid wheat, remains poorly understood. Here, we elucidated genetic and epigenetic changes occurring at the NOR loci within the Am, G, and D subgenomes during allopolyploidization by synthesizing hexaploid wheat GGAuAuAmAm and GGAuAuDD. In T. zhukovskyi, Au genome NORs from T. timopheevii (GGAuAu) were lost, while the second incoming NORs from T. monococcum (Am Am) were retained. Analysis of the synthesized T. zhukovskyi revealed that rRNA genes from the Am genome were silenced in F1 hybrids (GAuAm) and remained inactive after genome doubling and subsequent self‐pollinations. We observed increased DNA methylation accompanying the inactivation of NORs in the Am genome and found that silencing of NORs in the S1 generation could be reversed by a cytidine methylase inhibitor. Our findings provide insights into the ND process during the evolutionary period of T. zhukovskyi and highlight that inactive rDNA units may serve as a ‘first reserve’ in the form of R‐loops, contributing to the successful evolution of T. zhukovskyi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights on the evolution of nucleolar dominance in newly resynthesized hexaploid wheat Triticum zhukovskyi

et al. 2023

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“…Recently, in antipatharians from shallow-water black corals, it was first confirmed that ITS rRNA regions can be used as markers at both the species and population levels [ 25 ]. The utilization of the ITS1 region as a marker for the identification of nematode species or populations has great potential in nematology [ 26 ]. Molecular techniques based on the restriction digestion of the ITS1 region were used to examine the species or populations of geographically dispersed nematodes [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Intra-Individual ITS1 rDNA Sequence Variants Identified in the Female and Male Rotylenchulus reniformis Populations of Alabama

Nyaku,

Karapareddy,

Cebert

et al. 2023

Plants

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Around 300 different plant species are infected by the plant-parasitic reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis), including cotton. This is a devasting nematode with a preference for cotton; it is commonly found in Alabama farms and causes severe reduction in yields. Its first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) region can be sequenced, and potential mutations can be found in order to study the population dynamics of the reniform nematode. The goal of our study was to sequence the ITS1 rDNA region in male and female RNs that were collected from BelleMina, Hamilton, and Lamons locations in Alabama. After separating the single male and female RNs from the samples collected from the three selected listed sites above, the ITS1 region was amplified selectively using specific primers, and the resulting products were cloned and sequenced. Two distinct bands were observed after DNA amplification of male and female nematodes at 550 bp and 730 bp, respectively. The analysis of sequenced fragments among the three populations showed variation in average nucleotide frequencies of female and male RNs. Singletons within the female and male Hamilton populations ranged from 7.8% to 10%, and the variable sites ranged from 13.4% to 26%. However, female and male BelleMina populations had singletons ranging from 7.1% to 19.7% and variable regions in the range of 13.9% to 49.3%. The female and male Lamons populations had singletons ranging from 2.5% to 8.7% and variable regions in the range of 2.9% to 14.2%. Phylogenetic (neighbor-joining) analysis for the two ITS1 fragments (ITS-550 and ITS-730) showed relatively high intra-nematode variability. Different clone sequences from an individual nematode often had greater similarity with other nematodes than with their own sequences. RNA fold analysis of the ITS1 sequences revealed varied stem and loop structures, suggesting both conserved and variable regions in the variants identified from female and male RNs, thus underscoring the presence of significant intra- and inter-nematodal variation among RN populations in Alabama.

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Switch them off or not: selective rRNA gene repression in grasses

Borowska-Zuchowska¹,

Mykhailyk²,

Robaszkiewicz³

et al. 2023

Trends in Plant Science

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Structure and Methylation of 35S rDNA in Allopolyploids Anemone multifida (2n = 4x = 32, BBDD) and Anemone baldensis (2n = 6x = 48, AABBDD) and Their Parental Species Show Evidence of Nucleolar Dominance

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

New insights on the evolution of nucleolar dominance in newly resynthesized hexaploid wheat Triticum zhukovskyi

New insights on the evolution of nucleolar dominance in newly resynthesized hexaploid wheat Triticum zhukovskyi

Two Intra-Individual ITS1 rDNA Sequence Variants Identified in the Female and Male Rotylenchulus reniformis Populations of Alabama

Switch them off or not: selective rRNA gene repression in grasses

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