Structure and Mechanical Properties of Low Doped‐Zr TC4 Alloy Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

Abstract

The effects of Zr‐doping on TC4 alloy are investigated by mechanical milling and subsequent spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the sintered ingots are studied. It is shown that the microstructure of the alloys undergoes a β‐phase increase through low Zr‐doping, thus the mechanical properties of the studied alloy is improved. Tensile tests are performed to investigate the strength of TC4‐xZr alloys at room temperature. The tensile strength increases and the ductility maintains at a high level with increased Zr content. As a result, the TC4‐5Zr alloy exhibits the highest tensile strength (1106 MPa) and excellent ductility (δ = 16.1%). It is demonstrated that low Zr‐doping in combination with mechanical milling and SPS provides an effective way to enhance the mechanical properties of TC4 alloys.

Impact of Zr-Doped Bi2O3 Radiopacifier by Spray Pyrolysis on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

“…When we further assessed these materials to test their mechanical strength, PC mixed with 15 mol % of Zr-doped Bi 2 O 3 also showed a higher mechanical strength than Bi 2 O 3 and other Zr-doped ratios of Bi 2 O 3 with PC ( p < 0.01) ( Figure 7 ). Although the reason for the higher mechanical strength of Zr (15 mol %): Bi 2 O 3 is still unclear, it is most likely due to its microstructure of the crystalline phase [ 14 ]. According to Chen et al [ 14 ], charge compensation is considered to induce defects and non-stoichiometry in the Bi 2 O 3 lattice as tetravalent Zr substitution for trivalent Bi site.…”

“…Although the reason for the higher mechanical strength of Zr (15 mol %): Bi 2 O 3 is still unclear, it is most likely due to its microstructure of the crystalline phase [ 14 ]. According to Chen et al [ 14 ], charge compensation is considered to induce defects and non-stoichiometry in the Bi 2 O 3 lattice as tetravalent Zr substitution for trivalent Bi site. Regarding the Orowan mechanism, these defects will increase the resistance to lattice dislocation movement and enhance the diametral tensile strength of materials.…”

“…Zr has been found as a practical strengthening element. Many researchers used Zr as a dopant ion to increase the mechanical properties in materials such as hydroxyapatite and titanium alloy [ 13 , 14 ]. Moreover, Djordje et al [ 15 ] suggest that zirconium dioxide could be an alternative radiopacifier to replace Bi 2 O 3 in MTA without influencing its physical properties.…”

Effect of multi-pass deformation on microstructure evolution of spark plasma sintered TC4 titanium alloy

“…The Vickers hardness has also reached 727.41 HV [15]. Meanwhile, the TC4 titanium alloy doped with rare earth [16] or other metals can also improve the mechanical properties.…”