Structure and mechanical properties of novel composites based on glycidyl azide polymer and propargyl‐terminated polybutadiene as potential binder of solid propellant

Ding, Youzhao; Hu, Chong; Guo, Xiang; Che, Yuanyuan; Huang, Jin

doi:10.1002/app.40007

Cited by 56 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Moreover, the terminal hydroxyl group of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) can be easily modified through various reactions such as esterification, acetalization, etherification, etc. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. In this paper, GAP was further functionalized via esterification with malonyl dichloride and subsequent brominate reaction to afford bromomalonic acid GAP ester (BM-GAP), which can easily react with C60 through a modified Bingel reaction [25] to afford a new fullerene derivative, namely, [60]fullerene GAP (C60-GAP), which perhaps could become a new material of energetic burning rate additive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

et al. 2015

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A new functionalized [60]fullerene-glycidyl azide polymer (C60-GAP) was synthesized for the first time using a modified Bingel reaction of [60]fullerene (C60) and bromomalonic acid glycidyl azide polymer ester (BM-GAP). The product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analyses. Results confirmed the successful preparation of C60-GAP. Moreover, the thermal decomposition of C60-GAP was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis coupled with infrared spectroscopy (TGA-IR), and in situ FTIR. C60-GAP decomposition showed a three-step thermal process. The first step was due to the reaction of the azide group and fullerene at approximately 150 °C. The second step was ascribed to the remainder decomposition of the GAP main chain and N-heterocyclic at approximately 240 °C. The final step was attributed to the burning decomposition of amorphous carbon and carbon cage at around 600 °C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

et al. 2015

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“…Various crosslinked systems were prepared at different azide/propargyl group ratios. Triazole crosslinked network resulted in a slight increase in glass transition and -transition temperatures, reflecting the hindered rotation of polymer chain, with increasing miscibility of GAP and PTBT 37 . Dubois et al investigated the reaction between azide groups bearing polymers and double, triple bonds of the light olefins which yielded triazole and aziridine cycles.…”

Section: Copolymers and Other Derivatives Of Gapmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

Org. Commun.

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:In preparation of energetic composite formulations, functionally terminated pre-polymers have been used as binder. After physically mixing the pre-polymers with oxidizing components, metallic fuel, burning rate modifier and other minor ingredients, they are cured with a suitable curing agent to provide physical and chemical stability. These pre-polymers could be functionalized with carboxyl, epoxide or hydroxyl groups at varying average chain functionalities. For carboxyl-terminated pre-polymers, an epoxy functional curing agents could be used. If the prepolymer possesses hydroxyl groups, isocyanate functional curing agents are the most suitable curing agents in terms of easy and efficient processing. Glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) is one of the well-known low-molecular weight energetic liquid pre-polymer, which was developed to use as energetic binder, high performance additive and gas generator for high performance smokeless composite propellant and explosive formulations. Linear or branched GAP can be synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of corresponding poly(epichlorohydrin) (PECH) with sodium azide through replacement of chloromethyl groups of PECH with pendant energetic azido-methyl groups on the polyether main chain. Positive heat of formation (+957 kJ/kg) enables exothermic and rapid decomposition of GAP producing fuel rich gases. Its polyether main chain provides GAP with relatively low glass transition temperature o C) and presence of hydroxyl functional groups allows it to have easy processing in curing with isocyanate curing agents to form covalently crosslinked polyurethane structure. These outstanding properties of GAP enable it to be used as energetic polymeric binder and high performance additive in preparation of energetic materials and low vulnerable explosives.

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“…Generally higher cross-linking density results in higher tensile strength and lower elongation at break. 33 …”

Section: In Situ Ft-ir Kinetic Studies Of Acyl-gap/ddpm and Htpb/ipdimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mathew Instead of traditional isocyanate curing system, Chinese researcher Ding et al adopted the triazole curing system based on HTPB and GAP. 33 Blend of propargyl-terminated polybutadiene (PTPB) with GAP under the catalysis of cuprous chloride Cu (I) showed the maximum mechanical strength up to 2.5 MPa and elongation around 50 % when the molar ratios of N 3 versus C≡C was 2.0. It was a good endeavour in order to overcome the miscibility problem of the binders and compatibility issues of the high energy ingredients in the binder system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was a good endeavour in order to overcome the miscibility problem of the binders and compatibility issues of the high energy ingredients in the binder system. 33 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition between azides and alkynes (Huisgen reaction) is one of the classical click reaction due to the fact that it is virtually quantitative, insensitive, very robust and orthogonal ligation reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energetic interpenetrating polymer network based on orthogonal azido–alkyne click and polyurethane for potential solid propellant

et al. 2015

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High energetic propellants with synergistic mechanical strength are the prerequisites for aerospace industry and missile technology; though glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) is a renowned and a promising energetic polymer which shows poor mechanical and low-temperature properties. In order to overcome these problems, a novel energetic interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of Acyl-terminated glycidyl azide polymer (Acyl-GAP) and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) is effectively synthesized and characterized via an "in situ" polymerization by triazole and urethane curing system respectively. Acyl-GAP and Dimethyl 2, 2-di (prop-2-ynyl) malonate (DDPM) have been synthesized and well characterized by using FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and GPC. The maximum tensile strength ~ 5.26 MPa and elongation 318 % are achieved with HTPB-PU/Acyl-GAP triazole in 50:50 weight ratios. The solvent resistance properties have been investigated by the equilibrium swelling method and the glass transition temperature (T g ), morphology and thermal stability are evaluated by DSC, SEM and TGA-DTG respectively. Thus, HTPB-PU/Acyl-GAP triazole is a futuristic binder for the composite solid propellant.

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Structure and mechanical properties of novel composites based on glycidyl azide polymer and propargyl‐terminated polybutadiene as potential binder of solid propellant

Cited by 56 publications

References 25 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

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Energetic interpenetrating polymer network based on orthogonal azido–alkyne click and polyurethane for potential solid propellant

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