Structure and mechanical properties of selected biological materials

Chen, P.-Y.; Lin, Albert Y.; Lin, Yung-Yang; Seki, Yasuaki; Stokes, A.; Peyras, J.; Olevsky, Eugene A.; Meyers, Marc A.; McKittrick, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2008.02.003

Cited by 351 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

178

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The structural principles obtained from this study thus provide potential design insights for the fabrication of high-strength beams for load-bearing applications through the modification of their internal architecture, rather than their external geometry. structure-property relationship | structural biomaterial | biocomposite | variational analysis B iological structural materials such as nacre, tooth, bone, and fish scales (1-9) often exhibit remarkable mechanical properties, which can be directly attributed to their unique structure and composition (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Through the detailed analysis of these complex skeletal materials, useful design lessons can be extracted that can be used to guide the synthesis of synthetic constructs with novel performance metrics (16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New functional insights into the internal architecture of the laminated anchor spicules of Euplectella aspergillum

Monn

Weaver

Zhang

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To adapt to a wide range of physically demanding environmental conditions, biological systems have evolved a diverse variety of robust skeletal architectures. One such example, Euplectella aspergillum, is a sediment-dwelling marine sponge that is anchored into the sea floor by a flexible holdfast apparatus consisting of thousands of anchor spicules (long, hair-like glassy fibers). Each spicule is covered with recurved barbs and has an internal architecture consisting of a solid core of silica surrounded by an assembly of coaxial silica cylinders, each of which is separated by a thin organic layer. The thickness of each silica cylinder progressively decreases from the spicule's core to its periphery, which we hypothesize is an adaptation for redistributing internal stresses, thus increasing the overall strength of each spicule. To evaluate this hypothesis, we created a spicule structural mechanics model, in which we fixed the radii of the silica cylinders such that the force transmitted from the surface barbs to the remainder of the skeletal system was maximized. Compared with measurements of these parameters in the native sponge spicules, our modeling results correlate remarkably well, highlighting the beneficial nature of this elastically heterogeneous lamellar design strategy. The structural principles obtained from this study thus provide potential design insights for the fabrication of high-strength beams for load-bearing applications through the modification of their internal architecture, rather than their external geometry. structure-property relationship | structural biomaterial | biocomposite | variational analysis B iological structural materials such as nacre, tooth, bone, and fish scales (1-9) often exhibit remarkable mechanical properties, which can be directly attributed to their unique structure and composition (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Through the detailed analysis of these complex skeletal materials, useful design lessons can be extracted that can be used to guide the synthesis of synthetic constructs with novel performance metrics (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The complex and mechanically robust cage-like skeletal system of the hexactinellid sponge Euplectella aspergillum has proved to be a particularly useful model system for investigating structure-function relationships in hierarchically ordered biological composites (21-25). The sponge is anchored to the sea floor by thousands of anchor spicules (long, hair-like skeletal elements), each of which measures ca. 50 μm in diameter and up to 10 cm in length ( Fig. 1 A and B). The distal end of each anchor spicule is capped with a terminal crown-like structure and is covered with a series of recurved barbs that secure the sponge into the soft sediments of the sea floor (Fig. 1C). The proximal regions of these spicules are in turn bundled together and cemented to the main vertical struts of the skeletal lattice.These spicules contain an elastically heterogeneous, lamellar internal structure and are composed of amorphous hydrated silica. Surrounding a thin ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New functional insights into the internal architecture of the laminated anchor spicules of Euplectella aspergillum

Monn

Weaver

Zhang

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, this material is significantly more rigid than that of other closely-related deer species, helping to resist deformation in response to these high bending moments (Blob and Snelgrove 2006). The modulus of elasticity of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) antlers (7.5 GPa), is lower than that of the moose (Alces alces), and greater than that of the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus); it is almost identical to that of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) (7.4 GPa) (Chen et al 2008). …”

Section: The Influence Of Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among biomineralised materials antlers are one the most resistant to impact and absorb the most energy (Chen et al 2008). Chen et al performed a Weibull distribution of tensile strength of cortical bone from reindeer beam in the longitudinal and transverse directions.…”

Section: The Influence Of Mineral Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are oriented roughly along the longitudinal axis, preventing propagation of cracks. In cross section, the cracks can spread more easily through interstices between adjacent plates (Chen et al 2008). The modulus of elasticity and strength increase with increasing mineral content while the work of fracture is reduced (Currey 1984).…”

Section: The Influence Of Mineral Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Organic and mechanical properties of Cervidae antlers: a review

Picavet

Balligand

2016

Vet Res Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a resurgence of interest in the study of deer antlers. Recent research advocates their potential for use in bone xenografts. Using this working hypothesis, we can formulate many questions: do antlers really present unique or interesting mechanical properties, and if so, which factors affect these properties? Many other issues, including tissue compatibility, could be discussed; however, this article will focus on the biomechanical features of antlers. This paper reviews some answers found within current published material, and could help determine the optimal selection of some antlers for further experimental studies and clinical trials. Some general elements like anatomy and histology of deer antlers are briefly summarised. This paper will attempt to define the fundamental differences between skeletal bone and antler bone in terms of their organic and mechanical properties. We will then compare the previously published data, which details the mechanical properties of antlers from different species of Cervidae, by reviewing several aspects such as: sex; geographical situation; morphology; hydration state; and mineral composition. Some findings emerge: mechanical properties do not vary with gender or latitude, and the most important determining factor appears to be the species, alongside morphology and use of antlers. The state of hydration and mineral composition also has an influence on the mechanical properties of Cervidae antlers.

show abstract

“…Use of these exoskeletons as graft materials has not been investigated, however, as CaCO3 has been shown to support bone growth in some of the studies outline previously, and chitin has been extensively studied as part of composite materials for biomedical devices (Khoushab and Yamabhai), there is no reason to suppose that crustacean exoskeletons will not support bone formation. Even if, however, they are not directly suitable as xenografts, studying their complex architecture and morphology may provide inspiration for synthetic nanocomposite material design (Chen et al, 2008a;Giraud-Guille et al, 2004).…”

Section: Arthropoda and Echinodermatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Designs from the deep: Marine organisms for bone tissue engineering

Clarke

Walsh

Maggs

et al. 2011

Biotechnology Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current strategies for bone repair have accepted limitations and the search for synthetic graft materials or for scaffolds that will support ex vivo bone tissue engineering continues. Biomimetic strategies have led to the investigation of naturally occurring porous structures as templates for bone growth. The marine environment is rich in mineralizing organisms with porous structures, some of which are currently being used as bone graft materials and others that are in early stages of development. This review describes the current evidence available for these organisms, considers the relative promise of each and suggests potential future directions.

show abstract

Structure and mechanical properties of selected biological materials

Cited by 351 publications

References 72 publications

New functional insights into the internal architecture of the laminated anchor spicules of Euplectella aspergillum

New functional insights into the internal architecture of the laminated anchor spicules of Euplectella aspergillum

Organic and mechanical properties of Cervidae antlers: a review

Designs from the deep: Marine organisms for bone tissue engineering

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About