Structure and kinematics of active faulting in the Hope-Kelly and Alpine Fault intersection zone, South Island, New Zealand

Vermeer, J.; Quigley, Mark; Duffy, Brendan; Langridge, Robert; Pettinga, Jarg R.

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2021.228928

Cited by 6 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 122 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The investigations and measurements presented in this paper are primarily based on analysis of lidar-derived bare-earth DEMs and field verification. This study expands on the work presented in Vermeer et al (2021). The lidar was flown in September 2015 by AAM (http://www.aamgroup.com/) using a Riegl Q1560 at 390-400 kHz pulse rate.…”

Section: Lidar and Field Based Site Mapping And Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The slip transfers between the Alpine and Hope Faults via the Hope-Kelly Fault system, made of the Taramakau section of the Hope Fault, the branching Kelly Fault, and all intervening faults. The Hope-Kelly Fault system is a horsetail like structure of north dipping dextral-normal oblique faults and south dipping normal faults that abut the Alpine Fault on the west side and converge eastward into the narrow dextral fault zone of the central Hope Fault (Vermeer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There has been no previous paleoseismic data for the Taramakau section or the Kelly Fault. Vermeer et al (2021) recently studied the Hope and Kelly Faults west of the Main Divide using lidar and field mapping of surrounding landforms. They identified sections of principal slip zones along the faults, where individual fault traces have accumulated displacement from multiple surface ruptures.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This site is at a major bend in the Taramakau River valley (Figure 2 Site 1), east and upstream of this site, the Taramakau River valley trends ~070°, parallel to the Hope Fault, and west of this site the valley bends to ~090°. The Hope Fault is inferred to also bend and follow this trend, though no surface expression of the Hope Fault has been identified west of the Michael Creek fan (Vermeer et al, 2021). The Hope Fault is proposed to become an oblique extensional fault to the west, while most of the strike-slip motion is transferred south onto the Kelly Fault via NNE-striking linking faults (Vermeer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Geomorphic Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Marlborough Fault System (MFS) in the northern South Island (Figure 1) consists of a series of large dextral strike-slip faults and interspersed secondary faults that transfer plate boundary strain from the Hikurangi subduction zone through to the Alpine Fault (Van Dissen and Yeats, 1991;Barnes and Audru, 1999;Norris and Cooper, 2001;Langridge et al, 2010;Langridge et al, 2003;Yang, 1991;Khajavi et al, 2016;Cowan and McGlone, 1991;Cowan, 1990;Khajavi et al, 2018;Langridge and Berryman, 2005). This study focuses on a particularly structurally complex region of the MFS, where the southernmost and fastest-slipping fault in the MFS (Hope Fault, 12-23 mm/yr, see references in Figure 1) diverges from a principal fault trace into several interacting splay faults (Vermeer et al, 2021). The primary objective is to obtain new fault sliprate data from a sparsely-studied area of the MFS to compare with emerging datasets from other parts of the MFS (Khajavi et al, 2018;Hatem et al, 2020;Zinke et al, 2021) and the Alpine Fault (Langridge et al, 2017;Howarth et al, 2018Howarth et al, , 2021 to enhance our understanding of the rates and mechanics of Late Quaternary faulting in this region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Fault slip-rates and Coulomb stress interactions in the intersection zone of the Hope, Kelly and Alpine Faults, South Island, New Zealand

Vermeer¹,

Quigley²,

Langridge³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Hope Fault is a major strike-slip plate boundary fault in the Marlborough Fault Zone of New Zealand’s South Island that transfers slip between the Alpine Fault and Hikurangi subduction zone. We use lidar-based geomorphic and fault mapping, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL; quartz) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL; feldspar) dating of fault-proximal sedimentary deposits to constrain post-last glacial slip-rates for the Taramakau section of the Hope Fault and the Kelly Fault. Dextral slip-rates on the central Hope Fault (12-15 mm/yr) decrease westward from 5.6 (+2.0/-0.8) mm/yr to 1.7 (+1.0/-0.5) mm/yr. Dextral slip-rates on the Kelly Fault range from 6.2 (+7.6/-1.4) mm/yr to 1.7 (+2.1/-0.4) mm/yr. Linking, incipient subsidiary faults have minimum slip-rates of 1.3 (+0.1/-0.4) mm/yr. Proposed causes of spatial variations in slip-rates include (i) complexities in diffusive slip localization and transfer across the deformation zone, (ii) undocumented slip on faults including buried or otherwise unrecognized traces, and (iii) possible transience in slip behaviours. Paleoseismic trenching and radiocarbon (14C) ages are used to constrain the timing of most recent surface rupture on the western Hope Fault (Taramakau section) to ca. 1680 and 1840 CE, with a preferred age of ca. 1800-1840 CE. Coulomb stress modelling of scenario earthquakes on individual faults in the Alpine-Hope-Kelly Fault network is used to explore physical drivers for understanding slip-rate variations across the network. Source fault ruptures on the central Alpine Fault impart positive stress changes on the Hope-Kelly receiver faults in excess of 5-10 bars, and vice versa. Northern Alpine Fault earthquakes reduce Coulomb stresses on the Hope-Kelly receiver faults, and vice versa. Earthquake spatio-temporal clustering is an important consideration in evaluating earthquake hazards in this region.

show abstract

Section: Lidar and Field Based Site Mapping And Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geomorphic Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fault slip-rates and Coulomb stress interactions in the intersection zone of the Hope, Kelly and Alpine Faults, South Island, New Zealand

Vermeer¹,

Quigley²,

Langridge³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Fault slip-rates and Coulomb stress interactions in the intersection zone of the Hope, Kelly and Alpine Faults, South Island, New Zealand

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tectono‐Thermal Evolution of the Hope‐Kelly Fault System, Southern Alps, New Zealand: Insights From Topographic Analysis and (U‐Th)/He Thermochronology

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fast‐slipping Alpine (∼30 mm/yr), Hope (∼10–20 mm/yr) and Kelly (∼6 mm/yr) faults in the South Island of New Zealand form a complex intersection zone that accommodates tectonic strain along the Australian‐Pacific plate boundary. Analysis of digital topography reveals evidence for stream capture, drainage divide migration, landscape responses to incipient fault development, and preserved enclaves of relic topography that collectively reflect complex interplays between active faulting and landscape evolution. (U‐Th)/He thermochronology of zircon (ZHe) and apatite (AHe) is used to investigate the low‐temperature thermal evolution of rocks in the intersection zone. Weighted mean sample ages for ZHe single grain ages (n = 13 samples) range from ∼9 to 2 Ma, and AHe multi‐grain and single grain aliquot ages (n = 9 samples) range from ∼1.5 to 0.5 Ma. Inverse and forward thermal history modeling reveals distinct spatiotemporal variations in thermal histories. Late Miocene exhumation rates (∼0.6–3.5 km/Myr, assuming geothermal gradients of 33–40 °C/km) through crustal depths of approximately 5–6 km, are interpreted to be controlled by proximity to the Alpine fault, with rocks proximal to the fault recording faster exhumation rates relative to distal samples. Establishment of the Hope‐Kelly fault system in the Quaternary structurally juxtaposed rocks with discordant cooling histories. Rocks throughout the study region record increased cooling rates from ∼2 Ma. Possible causal mechanisms include, spatial changes in rock uplift associated with transport toward the Alpine Fault, increased erosion rates associated with Quaternary climate change, or increased rock mass erodibility associated with development of the Hope‐Kelly fault system.

show abstract

Structure and kinematics of active faulting in the Hope-Kelly and Alpine Fault intersection zone, South Island, New Zealand

Cited by 6 publications

References 122 publications

Fault slip-rates and Coulomb stress interactions in the intersection zone of the Hope, Kelly and Alpine Faults, South Island, New Zealand

Fault slip-rates and Coulomb stress interactions in the intersection zone of the Hope, Kelly and Alpine Faults, South Island, New Zealand

Fault slip-rates and Coulomb stress interactions in the intersection zone of the Hope, Kelly and Alpine Faults, South Island, New Zealand

Tectono‐Thermal Evolution of the Hope‐Kelly Fault System, Southern Alps, New Zealand: Insights From Topographic Analysis and (U‐Th)/He Thermochronology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About