Structure and Function of the Circulatory, Nervous, and Neuroendocrine Systems of Ticks

Binnington, K.C.; Obenchain, Frederick D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-024937-7.50015-9

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…It has been proposed that two structures outside the synganglion may be putative neurohemal sites in ticks: the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC) which lies adjacent to the oesophagus below the proventriculus where the oesophagus emerges from the synganglion, and the lateral segmental organs which lie between the pedal nerve trunks and along lateral sympathetic nerves (for a review see Binnington and Obenchain, 1982). However, no FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity was observed in either of these structures.…”

Section: Postoesophageal Part Of the Synganglionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wide distribution of FaRPs in the animal kingdom and the various biological activities of these peptides prompted us to look for an FMRFamide-like substance in ticks. Using classical staining techniques such as paraldehyde fuchsin, putative neurosecretory cells have been found in various regions of the synganglion (Binnington and Obenchain, 1982;Pound and Oliver, 1982;Szlendak and Oliver, 1992). In this paper, we report the distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactive cells, their axons, and possible areas for storage and release of these peptides in the synganglion of females of the argasid tick Ornithodoros parkeri and the ixodid tick Dermacentor variabilis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunocytochemical mapping of FMRFamide-like peptides in the argasid tick Ornithodoros parkeri and the ixodid tick Dermacentor variabilis

1995

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FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity was studied in the argasid tick Ornithodoros parkeri and the ixodid tick Dermacentor variabilis using immunocytochemistry based on the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. FMRFamide-like immunoreactive cells are widely distributed in various regions of the tick synganglion including protocerebral, cheliceral, stomodeal, palpal, pedal I-IV, and opisthosomal regions in both species. However, there is one layer of immunoreactive cells located on the dorsal surface of the postoesophageal part of the synganglion that is found only in D. variabilis. Besides the immunoreactivity within the cell body and its axons, the neuropile and the neural lamella (the extracellular sheath of the synganglion) are rich in immunoreactive materials. Some coxal muscles are innervated by the FMRFamide-like immunoreactive processes of the nerve from the pedal ganglion.

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Section: Postoesophageal Part Of the Synganglionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical mapping of FMRFamide-like peptides in the argasid tick Ornithodoros parkeri and the ixodid tick Dermacentor variabilis

1995

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“…Thus, both catecholaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmitter systems may participate in the control of salivary gland secretion. Acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase, dopamine, and norepinephrine have all been demonstrated to occur in tick synganglia (Binnington and Obenchain, 1982). Octopamine, found in some insects, may also be present in ticks, but no evidence of its ability to stimulate salivary secretion in vivo was found (Needham and Pannabecker, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Studies on possible role of catecholamines in regulation of sex pheromone gland activity in American dog tick,Dermacentor veriabilis (Say)

et al. 1985

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Administered monoamines affected sex pheromone activity in the foveal glands of the tick,Dermacentor variabilis (Say). Flooding the tissues of the female tick with reserpine, α-methyl-m-tyrosine methyl ester hydrochloride, and pilocarpine prior to feeding led to reductions in female sex attractant activity during engorgement. Similar treatments with cyclic AMP, dopamine, serotonin, 6-hydroxydopamine, and acetylcholine had no apparent effects on the attractiveness of feeding females. Assays (by gas chromatography) demonstrated substantial reductions in 2,6-dichlorophenol content following treatment with α-methyl-m-tyrosine methyl ester, pilocarpine, and, in most cases, with reserpine. Reserpine was effective only when administered in near-lethal concentrations to unfed females. In contrast, treatment with dopamine led to elevated 2,6-dichlorophenol content in most trials. X-ray microanalysis corroborated the evidence with reserpine and dopamine. These and other findings reported elsewhere implicate monoamines, presumably catecholamines, in the regulation of sex pheromone secretion in this species. The significance of these findings for understanding the physiological mechanisms involved in the regulation of sex pheromone secretion and biosynthesis is discussed.

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“…Indeed, several different hosts have been immunised successfully against ticks using v~u-ious tick derived extracts (Morrison, 1989;Wikel, 1988;Willadsen, 1988). Tick internal organs are surrounded by the haemocoel which contains the fluid (haemolymph) necessary for transportation of the components required for their normal physiological processes (Binnington and Obenchain, 1982). The haemocoel has no epithelial lining and tick internal organs are separated from the haemolymph bathing them by thin basement membranes only (Binnington and Obenchain, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tick internal organs are surrounded by the haemocoel which contains the fluid (haemolymph) necessary for transportation of the components required for their normal physiological processes (Binnington and Obenchain, 1982). The haemocoel has no epithelial lining and tick internal organs are separated from the haemolymph bathing them by thin basement membranes only (Binnington and Obenchain, 1982). This greatly facilitates exchange of components between the haemolymph and the internal organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunisation of rabbits against the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus using tick haemolymph

Mbogo

1994

Exp Appl Acarol

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Tick naive rabbits were immunised with haemolymph components from partially fed Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adult ticks and subsequently challenged with all the developmental instars of the tick. The results obtained showed that the rabbits were rendered resistant to all the instars of the tick. However, the resistance was more pronounced in adult ticks than in the immature stages. The resistance was manifested as a reduction in the number of ticks that fed successfully to engorgement, reduced engorgement weights and reduced fecundities. Re challenging the resistant experimental rabbits with all the developmental instar stages of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus showed that resistance was maintained in subsequent infestations.

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Structure and Function of the Circulatory, Nervous, and Neuroendocrine Systems of Ticks

Cited by 40 publications

References 79 publications

Immunocytochemical mapping of FMRFamide-like peptides in the argasid tick Ornithodoros parkeri and the ixodid tick Dermacentor variabilis

Immunocytochemical mapping of FMRFamide-like peptides in the argasid tick Ornithodoros parkeri and the ixodid tick Dermacentor variabilis

Studies on possible role of catecholamines in regulation of sex pheromone gland activity in American dog tick,Dermacentor veriabilis (Say)

Immunisation of rabbits against the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus using tick haemolymph

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