Structure and Function of Rhizosphere Soil and Root Endophytic Microbial Communities Associated With Root Rot of Panax notoginseng

Abstract

Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen is a Chinese medicinal plant of the Araliaceae family used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Asia. P. notoginseng is vulnerable to root rot disease, which reduces the yield of P. notoginseng. In this study, we analyzed the rhizosphere soil and root endophyte microbial communities of P. notoginseng from different geographical locations using high-throughput sequencing. Our results revealed that the P. notoginseng rhizosphere soil microbial community was more diverse than the root endophyte community. Rhodopseudomonas, Actinoplanes, Burkholderia, and Variovorax paradoxus can help P. notoginseng resist the invasion of root rot disease. Ilyonectria mors-panacis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pseudopyrenochaeta lycopersici are pathogenic bacteria of P. notoginseng. The upregulation of amino acid transport and metabolism in the soil would help to resist pathogens and improve the resistance of P. notoginseng. The ABC transporter and gene modulating resistance genes can improve the disease resistance of P. notoginseng, and the increase in the number of GTs (glycosyltransferases) and GHs (glycoside hydrolases) families may be a molecular manifestation of P. notoginseng root rot. In addition, the complete genomes of two Flavobacteriaceae species and one Bacteroides species were obtained. This study demonstrated the microbial and functional diversity in the rhizosphere and root microbial community of P. notoginseng and provided useful information for a better understanding of the microbial community in P. notoginseng root rot. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying P. notoginseng root rot and other plant rhizosphere microbial communities.

Analysis of Microbial Diversity and Community Structure of Rhizosphere Soil of Three Astragalus Species Grown in Special High-Cold Environment of Northwestern Yunnan, China

“…Besides this, some bacteria in the commonly dominant genera displayed biological control functions for plant disease. For example, Pseudomonas can produce the antifungal compound 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol [ 5 ], while Variovorax paradoxus can help Panax notoginseng resist root rot disease [ 45 ]. Similarly, Penicillium can produce antibiotic-like substances that protect plants from attacks by pathogens [ 4 ].…”

Nitrate Nitrogen and pH Correlate with Changes in Rhizosphere Microbial Community Assemblages during Invasion of Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Bidens pilosa

“…In turn, Micromonospora , Burkholderiales , and Anaerolinea are related to the N and C cycles ( 27 – 29 ), and Saccharothrix can generate chitinase and degrade the structure of plant-pathogenic fungi ( 30 ). For their part, genera such as Rhodopseudomonas , Actinoplanes , Burkholderia , and Variovorax paradoxus , which are present in the rhizosphere soil, can help Panax notoginseng resist the invasion of root rot disease ( 31 ). Consistently, the results reported herein highlighted the fact that the increased relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium , Micromonospora , Burkholderiales , and Anaerolinea may enhance the N and C cycles, thereby providing more available nutrients to invasive species.…”

Plant–pathogen interaction with root rot of Panax notoginseng as a model: Insight into pathogen pathogenesis, plant defence response and biological control

“…The diversity of the soil microbial community in P. notoginseng is not lower than the diversity of endophytic microorganisms, which is an important source of BCAs for P. notoginseng disease (Wang, Yang, et al, 2022). Xu et al (2019) found that echinosporin and 7-deoxychinosporin from Actinomycete strain YIM PH20520 exhibited good antifungal activity.…”

“…The diversity of the soil microbial community in P. notoginseng is not lower than the diversity of endophytic microorganisms, which is an important source of BCAs for P. notoginseng disease (Wang, Yang, et al., 2022 ). Xu et al.…”