Structure and function of ETAA16: a novel cell surface antigen in Ewing’s tumours

Abstract

Immunoscreening of an Ewing's family of tumour (EFT)-derived cDNA library using formerly described EFT-specific antibodies led to the isolation of a 3.5 kb cDNA, named Ewing's tumour-associated antigen 16 (ETAA16). The ETAA16 cDNA shows no homology to any functionally characterised human gene. Only a bovine cDNA expressed in bovine testis and hepatocytes is functionally characterised as it encodes for a junction plaque associated protein and showed a homology of 69.9% at amino acid level to ETAA16. The human cDNA encodes for a 926 amino acid tumour antigen with a calculated molecular weight of 103 kDa. The epitope of the ETAA16-specific antibody, Ak16, covers the central region of the protein which is part of an extra cellular domain. The human ETAA16 gene locus has been assigned to chromosome 2p13-15 by FISH analyses and is confirmed by the human genome sequencing project. As demonstrated by flow cytometry, the cell surface expression of ETAA16 antigen is restricted to ET cell lines and not expressed on other small blue round cell tumours or other kind of tumour. RT-PCR analysis revealed a high expression of ETAA16 in brain, liver and kidney while lung and heart were negative. Immunohistochemistry showed an intracellular expression of ETAA16 in different kind of non-Ewing tumour tissues. These results suggest that ETAA16 may function as a tumour-specific cell surface antigen in EFTs.

Genetic variants underlying risk of endometriosis: insights from meta-analysis of eight genome-wide association and replication datasets

“…The third inter-genic signal, rs4141819 on 2p14 (borderline significant with P = 9.2 × 10 −8 in Stage III/IV-enriched analysis) is located 227 kb away from ETAA1 (Ewing's tumor-associated antigen 1) that encodes a tumour-specific cell surface antigen in Ewing family of tumours (EFTs). EFTs is a group of cancers that form in bone or soft tissue that share common features as they develop from the same type of stem cell in the body (Borowski et al , 2006). Rs4141819 is located in an intronic region of a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AC007422.1, which is 118 kb long.…”

RPA-Binding Protein ETAA1 Is an ATR Activator Involved in DNA Replication Stress Response

“…ETAA1 was first noticed and named in a study working on Ewing’s family of tumors [45]. By immunoscreening of an Ewing’s family of tumor (EFT)-derived cDNA library using 16 EFT-specific antibodies, Borowski and colleagues isolated a 3.5 kb cDNA, named Ewing’s tumour-associated antigen 16 (ETAA16, also known as ETAA1) [45].…”

“…By immunoscreening of an Ewing’s family of tumor (EFT)-derived cDNA library using 16 EFT-specific antibodies, Borowski and colleagues isolated a 3.5 kb cDNA, named Ewing’s tumour-associated antigen 16 (ETAA16, also known as ETAA1) [45]. As demonstrated by flow cytometry, the cell surface expression of ETAA1 antigen is restricted to Ewing tumor cell lines, suggesting that ETAA1 may function as a tumor-specific cell surface antigen in EFTs.…”

ETAA1 acts at stalled replication forks to maintain genome integrity

“…ETAA1 is an uncharacterized protein that derives its name from a study of Ewing tumor antigens 27 . Additionally, ETAA1 was identified as an ATM/ATR substrate 28 , and genome wide association studies found single nucleotide polymorphisms at the ETAA1 locus increase pancreatic cancer risk 29,30 .…”