Structure and evolution of the mitochondrial control region and flanking sequences in the European cave salamander Proteus anguinus

Gorički, Špela; Trontelj, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.04.016

Cited by 58 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…From our examination of 3 populations representing 2 of at least 6 genetically distinct lineages of Proteus [Sket and Arntzen, 1994;Sket, 1997;Gorički, 2006;Gorički and Trontelj, 2006], we further confirm that Proteus , unlike Necturus , lacks heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Instead, Proteus shows prominent clusters of alternating Cbands near the ends of the long arms of both homologues of chromosome 1, which exactly match in size and banding pattern the Necturus Y chromosome ( fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Evidence for Sex Chromosome Turnover in Proteid Salamanders

Sessions¹,

Mali²,

Green³

et al. 2016

Cytogenet Genome Res

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A major goal of genomic and reproductive biology is to understand the evolution of sex determination and sex chromosomes. Species of the 2 genera of the Salamander family Proteidae - Necturus of eastern North America, and Proteus of Southern Europe - have similar-looking karyotypes with the same chromosome number (2n = 38), which differentiates them from all other salamanders. However, Necturus possesses strongly heteromorphic X and Y sex chromosomes that Proteus lacks. Since the heteromorphic sex chromosomes of Necturus were detectable only with C-banding, we hypothesized that we could use C-banding to find sex chromosomes in Proteus. We examined mitotic material from colchicine-treated intestinal epithelium, and meiotic material from testes in specimens of Proteus, representing 3 genetically distinct populations in Slovenia. We compared these results with those from Necturus. We performed FISH to visualize telomeric sequences in meiotic bivalents. Our results provide evidence that Proteus represents an example of sex chromosome turnover in which a Necturus-like Y-chromosome has become permanently translocated to another chromosome converting heteromorphic sex chromosomes to homomorphic sex chromosomes. These results may be key to understanding some unusual aspects of demographics and reproductive biology of Proteus, and are discussed in the context of models of the evolution of sex chromosomes in amphibians.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Evidence for Sex Chromosome Turnover in Proteid Salamanders

Sessions¹,

Mali²,

Green³

et al. 2016

Cytogenet Genome Res

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“…The presented data were taken from several phylogeographic studies of subterranean animals in the Dinaric Karst, including the ubiquitous aquatic isopod Asellus aquaticus Linne (Verovnik et al, 2004(Verovnik et al, , 2005, the cave salamander Proteus anguinus Laurenti (Gorički 2006, Gorički & Trontelj 2006, and the cave shrimp troglocaris s. lato (Zakšek et al, 2007). Further, we included unpublished sequences from studies that are in progress, including leptodirine cave beetles and aquatic sphaeromatid isopods from the genus monolistra.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, we have some indication about how long at most it takes a salamander population to become troglomorphic. Since the subspecies P. a. parkelj Sket et Arntzen has retained its ancestral, non-troglomorphic characteristics, it is reasonable to conclude that its sister lineage must have evolved troglomorphoses independently from other, less related troglomorphic lineages (Sket & Arntzen 1994;Gorički & Trontelj 2006;see Fig. 1).…”

Section: Timing Of Morphological Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age Estimates for Some Subterranean Taxa and Lineages in the Dinaric Karst

Trontelj

Gorički

Polak

et al. 2007

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Boris Sket: Ocene starosti za nekatere podzemeljske taksone in živalske linije na Dinarskem krasu Z uporabo primerjalnega filogeografskega pristopa in neodvisnih molekularnih ur smo predlagali časovni potek evolucije troglobiontov Dinarskega krasa, ki velja za sorazmerno veliko število taksonov. Zdi se, da ključni dogodki pripadajo dvema obdobjema. (1) Glavne razdelitve znotraj holodinarskih taksonov so iz obdobje srednjega miocena. Predstavljajo zgornji potencialni časovni limit za naselitev jam. (2) Regionalna diferenciacija, vključno s speciacijo, ki je lahko vsaj deloma povezana s podzemeljsko fazo, naj bi se zgodila med zgodnjim in srednjim pleistocenom. Ocenjujemo, da se je začela invazija večine proučevanih živalskih linij v podzemlje Dinarskega krasa v obdobju med dvema in petimi milijoni let. Ključne besede: podzemlje, molekularna ura, molekularna filogenija, filogeografija, Dinarski kras. Using a comparative phylogeographic approach and different independent molecular clocks we propose a timescale for the evolution of troglobionts in the Dinaric Karst that is relatively consistent over a wide taxonomic range. Keystone events seem to belong to two age classes. (1) Major splits within holodinaric taxa are from the mid-Miocene. They present the potential upper limit for the age of cave invasions. (2) Regional differentiation, including speciation, which can at least in part be associated with a subterranean phase, took place from early Pliocene to mid-Pleistocene. we suggest two to five million years as the time when most of the analyzed lineages started invading the Dinaric Karst underground.

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“…VNTRs have been identified in the mtDNA CRs of many animals, including invertebrates and vertebrates (HOELZEL 1993, FUMAGALLI et al 1996, GORICKI & TRONTELJ 2006, JI et al 2008. In cryptodiran turtles, VNTRs are inserted in the two peripheral domains, i.e.…”

Section: Vntrsmentioning

confidence: 99%