Structure and ecology of epiphyte communities of a cloud forest in central Veracruz, Mexico

Hietz, Peter; Hietz‐Seifert, Ursula

doi:10.2307/3236443

Cited by 105 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…It has been well established that, within the canopy, many epiphyte species have preferences in vertical canopy distribution (Bøgh, 1992;Freiberg, 1996;Hietz and Hietz-Seifert, 1995b;Ingram and Nadkarni, 1993;Johansson, 1978;Pupulin et al, 1995;Rudolph et al, 1998;ter Steege and Cornelissen, 1989). However, what environmental habitat factors determine these distributions is less well known.…”

Section: Determine the Distribution Of The Epiphyte Flora Within A Simentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods permitted the collection of data and plant material from the entire tree without The host tree was divided into canopy zones (Figure 6), following the widely used classification system of Johansson (1974). This scheme has been widely used and recommended by epiphyte researchers (Bøgh, 1992;Freiberg, 1996Freiberg, , 1999Gradstein et al, 1996;Gradstein et al, 2003;Hietz and Hietz-Seifert, 1995b;Nieder and Zotz, 1998). In the present study, Zone 1 was not considered for two reasons.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preferences of vertical distribution by epiphyte species influence the spatial arrangement within host trees and forests of both non-vascular Pentecost, 1998) and vascular epiphytes (Bøgh, 1992;Freiberg, 1996;Hietz and Hietz-Seifert, 1995b;Ingram and Nadkarni, 1993;Johansson, 1978;Pupulin et al, 1995;Rudolph et al, 1998; ter . Though many studies have now addressed the three-dimensional aspects of epiphyte distribution, the vast majority were undertaken in lowland forest canopies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epiphytic bryophytes and habitat variation in montane rainforest, Peru

Romanski¹,

Pharo

Kirkpatrick³

2011

The Bryologist

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A total of 190 holoepiphytic and 5 hemiepiphytic vascular plant species were collected from the canopy and the trunk of an emergent Ficus L. species host that is common to a Peruvian cloud forest. One hundred and fourteen of the vascular epiphyte species were orchids. A large majority of the vascular species were rare in occurrence. Vascular epiphyte diversity and density was highest in the outer canopy zone of the host crown. In the inner canopy zone there was a dearth of epiphytes, attributed to a high rate of epiphyte slumping on the smooth-barked branches. The trunk had a different suit of species to those found in the canopy.During the wet season, the thickening of epiphytic matter in the outer canopy zone appeared to contribute to a large amelioration of daytime and nocturnal temperatures through evaporation and heat retention respectively.Nocturnal temperatures were highest in the outer canopy zone, and were lowest on the forest floor. The latter was attributed to the downward flow of the product of radiative cooling as a result of the heterogeneous canopy on the steep slope.Epiphyte clumps appear to slump before competition causes the loss of early successional species. Some species showed a preference for more shaded epiphyte clumps and many were more frequent on smaller branch diameters. Most species showed a moderately high niche overlap with a large number of other species, which suggested a high degree of species coexistence.Epiphyte slumping is suggested to be the major driving mechanism for the maintenance of non-equilibrium in the community. Aspects of the phenologies of epiphytes, age-structure of the community and high environmental variation could be other mechanisms for the maintenance of a high degree of species coexistence.iii

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Section: Determine the Distribution Of The Epiphyte Flora Within A Simentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epiphytic bryophytes and habitat variation in montane rainforest, Peru

Romanski¹,

Pharo

Kirkpatrick³

2011

The Bryologist

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“…Waechter (1992) utilizou a divisão em intervalos de três metros de altura cada para verificar a distribuição de todas as espécies de epífitos vasculares em Torres e no Taim (RS). Tanto a divisão das árvores em zonas como em intervalos regulares de altura têm sido aplicadas por diversos autores (Bøgh 1992;Zimmerman & Olmsted 1992;Hietz & Hietz-Seifert 1995b;Freiberg 1996;Mursidawati et al 1999;Kersten & Silva 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Epífitos vasculares sobre espécimes de Ficus organensis isoladas no norte da planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul: padrões de abundância e distribuição

Gonçalves

Waechter

2002

Acta Bot. Bras.

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RESUMO -(Epífitos vasculares sobre espécimes deFicus organensis isolados no norte da planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul: padrões de abundância e distribuição). Os padrões de abundância e distribuição de epífitos vasculares foram estudados em espécimes isolados de Ficus organensis (Miq.) Miq. no norte da planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul. A área de estudo está situada próximo ao Município de Terra de Areia (29º35'S; 50º04'W), uma região com clima subtropical úmido (Cfa). Um total de 60 árvores foram escaladas para o inventário dos epífitos vasculares. A abundância relativa foi estimada para as espécies e o índice de diversidade de Shannon para a comunidade. A distribuição espacial dos epífitos vasculares foi estimada analisando sua ocorrência em segmentos estruturais das árvores hospedeiras (fuste, copas interna e externa) e aplicando uma técnica de análise multivariada (PCO). A composição florística resultou em 77 espécies, 32 gêneros e 10 famílias, com um índice de Shannon de 3,519 nats. Quatro espécies apresentaram valores de importância distintamente maiores, 12 valores intermediários e 61 valores relativamente menores. O mesmo padrão foi obtido com a ordenação das espécies. A riqueza epifítica por segmentos das árvores hospedeiras mostrou-se maior na copa interna, refletindo um hábitat mais favorável provido pelos ramos espessos e horizontais. A diversidade comunitária é relativamente alta considerando-se uma única espécie de forófito e um conjunto de ambientes perturbados. A distribuição das espécies epifíticas em três grupos em função das estimativas de abundância foi previamente observada para florestas costeiras melhor preservadas na mesma região. Palavras-chave -Epifitismo, abundância, distribuição, figueiras, Sul do BrasilABSTRACT -(Vascular epiphytes on isolated specimens of Ficus organensis in the northern coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul: abundance and distribution patterns). Abundance and distribution patterns of vascular epiphytes were studied on isolated specimens of Ficus organensis in the northern coastal plain of Rio Grande Sul. The study area lies around Terra de Areia town (29°35'S; 50°04'W), a region with a humid subtropical climate (Cfa). A total of 60 trees were climbed for the inventory of vascular epiphytes. Abundance parameters were estimated for the species and the Shannon diversity index was calculated for the community. Spatial distribution of vascular epiphytes was detected in two ways, one analyzing occurrence on structural segments of host trees (stem, inner and outer crown) and other applying a multivariate technique (principal coordinate analysis). Floristic composition resulted in 77 species, 32 genera and 10 families. The Shannon index of diversity resulted in 3.519 nats/individual. Four species presented a distinct higher value of importance, 12 species presented intermediate values and 61 relatively lower values. The same pattern was obtained with the ordination of species. Epiphytic richness according to host tree segments showed the higher species number in the...

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“…Bryophyte mats supposedly play an important role for the distribution of vascular epiphytes on potential host trees: they hold water, trap seeds, provide anchorage for seedlings, and intercept nitrate from fog (Clark et al 1998, Johansson 1974. Although these and other authors (Bennett 1987, Freiberg 1999, Hietz & Hietz-Seifert 1995b reiterate the importance of mosses and liverworts for vascular epiphytes, documentation of cause and effect is rare (Laman 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epiphyte vegetation of the palm Socratea exorrhiza - correlations with tree size, tree age and bryophyte cover

2003

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Abstract:We conducted a survey of the epiphyte flora growing on the stilt palm Socratea exorrhiza in a primary lowland rain forest in Panama by means of a canopy crane. For each palm in a 0.9-ha plot, we determined diameter at breast height, tree height, per cent bryophyte cover and the number, identity and attachment site of all vascular epiphytes. The 118 palm trees hosted a total of 701 epiphytes and hemi-epiphytes, belonging to 66 species. Trees were estimated to be c. 20 y old before colonization with vascular epiphytes began. Epiphyte species were highly clumped and segregated along the vertical axis of the trunk. Sequential colonization led to an increased number of species and individuals as the tree grows. Epiphytes were associated with bryophyte patches much more than expected by chance, but no species seemed to depend upon them for establishment. The influence of tree size, age and bryophyte cover on the composition of the epiphyte community are discussed.

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Structure and ecology of epiphyte communities of a cloud forest in central Veracruz, Mexico

Cited by 105 publications

References 31 publications

Epiphytic bryophytes and habitat variation in montane rainforest, Peru

Epiphytic bryophytes and habitat variation in montane rainforest, Peru

Epífitos vasculares sobre espécimes de Ficus organensis isoladas no norte da planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul: padrões de abundância e distribuição

The epiphyte vegetation of the palm Socratea exorrhiza - correlations with tree size, tree age and bryophyte cover

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