Structure and dynamics of membrane protein in SARS-CoV-2

Mahtarin, Rumana; Islam, Shafiqul; Islam, Jahirul; Ullah, Mujeeb; Ali, A.; Halim, Mohammad A.

doi:10.1080/07391102.2020.1861983

Cited by 63 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Antibodies directed to M protein were detected ten days post-onset in over 95% of the SARS-CoV convalescent patients ( n = 58) [ 24 ]. The primary structure of the SARS-CoV-2 M protein (YP_009724393.1) has shown 91% (201/222) of sequence identities and 96% (214/222) of sequence similarities to SARS-CoV M protein (UniProtKB-P59596) [ 25 ] and only 42% (86/203) of sequence identity and 61% (124/203) of the sequence similarity with the MERS-CoV M protein (UniProtKB-T2BB40). In silico analysis of M protein’s primary structure revealed the transmembrane helix topology, with the N- and C-terminal parts being exposed outside and inside the virus particle, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgM and IgG Immunoreactivity of SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant M Protein

Lopandić

Protić-Rosić

Todorović

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Diagnostic evaluation of specific antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus is mainly based on spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. Despite the critical functions in virus infection and contribution to the pattern of immunodominance in COVID-19, exploitation of the most abundant membrane (M) protein in the SARS-CoV-2 serology tests is minimal. This study investigated the recombinant M protein’s immunoreactivity with the sera from COVID-19 convalescents. In silico designed protein was created from the outer N-terminal part (19 aa) and internal C-terminal tail (101–222 aa) of the M protein (YP_009724393.1) and was recombinantly produced and purified. The designed M protein (16,498.74 Da, pI 8.79) revealed both IgM and IgG reactivity with serum samples from COVID-19 convalescents in Western blot. In ELISA, more than 93% (28/30) of COVID-19 sera were positive for IgM detection, and more than 96% (29/30) were positive for specific IgG detection to M protein. Based on the capacity to provoke an immune response and its strong antigenic properties, as shown here, and the fact that it is also involved in the virion entry into host cells, the M protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as a good antigen has the potential in diagnostic purposes and vaccine design.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgM and IgG Immunoreactivity of SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant M Protein

Lopandić

Protić-Rosić

Todorović

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Section: General Characteristic Of Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M protein (membrane protein) (~25 30 kDa) contains 3 TM domains [16,17]. It has a small N terminal glyco sylated ectodomain and a larger C terminal endodomain, which extends 6 8 nm inside the viral particle [17,18]. M protein determines the shape of the virion and ensures for mation of contacts between various structural proteins during virion assembly [16,19].…”

Section: General Characteristic Of Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Myths and Reality

Kordyukova

Shanko

2021

Biochemistry Moscow

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COVID‑19, a new human respiratory disease that has killed nearly 3 million people in a year since the start of the pandemic, is a global public health challenge. Its infectious agent, SARS‑CoV‑2, differs from other coronaviruses in a number of structural features that make this virus more pathogenic and transmissible. In this review, we discuss some important characteristics of the main SARS‑CoV‑2 surface antigen, the spike (S) protein, such as (i) ability of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) to switch between the “standing-up” position (open pre-fusion conformation) for receptor binding and the “lying-down” position (closed pre-fusion conformation) for immune system evasion; (ii) advantage of a high binding affinity of the RBD open conformation to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for efficient cell entry; and (iii) S protein preliminary activation by the intracellular furin-like proteases for facilitation of the virus spreading across different cell types. We describe interactions between the S protein and cellular receptors, co-receptors, and antagonists, as well as a hypothetical mechanism of the homotrimeric spike structure destabilization that triggers the fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane at physiological pH and mediates the viral nucleocapsid entry into the cytoplasm. The transition of the S protein pre-fusion conformation to the post-fusion one on the surface of virions after their treatment with some reagents, such as β-propiolactone, is essential, especially in relation to the vaccine production. We also compare the COVID‑19 pathogenesis with that of severe outbreaks of “avian” influenza caused by the A/H5 and A/H7 highly pathogenic viruses and discuss the structural similarities between the SARS‑CoV‑2 S protein and hemagglutinins of those highly pathogenic strains. Finally, we touch on the prospective and currently used COVID‑19 antiviral and anti-pathogenetic therapeutics, as well as recently approved conventional and innovative COVID‑19 vaccines and their molecular and immunological features.

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“…In 2010, a bat coronavirus termed Appalachian Ridge CoV (ARCoV-2) was detected in North American tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus) in the United States and showed close relationship with HCoV-NL63 with an estimated divergence of ∼550 years ago (Donaldson et al, 2010;Huynh et al, 2012; (Mahtarin et al, 2020). Banerjee et al, 2019b).…”

Section: From Common To Highly Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses: Outbreaks and Physiopathology Of Coronaviruses Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FIGURE 2 | Origin and transmission of coronaviruses. Schematic representation of the origin and transmission of coronaviruses, as well as SARS-CoV-2, between hosts and humans(Mahtarin et al, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus, the King Who Wanted More Than a Crown: From Common to the Highly Pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, Is the Key in the Accessory Genes?

Chazal

2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that emerged in late 2019, is the etiologic agent of the current “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) pandemic, which has serious health implications and a significant global economic impact. Of the seven human coronaviruses, all of which have a zoonotic origin, the pandemic SARS-CoV-2, is the third emerging coronavirus, in the 21st century, highly pathogenic to the human population. Previous human coronavirus outbreaks (SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV) have already provided several valuable information on some of the common molecular and cellular mechanisms of coronavirus infections as well as their origin. However, to meet the new challenge caused by the SARS-CoV-2, a detailed understanding of the biological specificities, as well as knowledge of the origin are crucial to provide information on viral pathogenicity, transmission and epidemiology, and to enable strategies for therapeutic interventions and drug discovery. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current advances in SARS-CoV-2 knowledges, in light of pre-existing information of other recently emerging coronaviruses. We depict the specificity of the immune response of wild bats and discuss current knowledge of the genetic diversity of bat-hosted coronaviruses that promotes viral genome expansion (accessory gene acquisition). In addition, we describe the basic virology of coronaviruses with a special focus SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we highlight, in detail, the current knowledge of genes and accessory proteins which we postulate to be the major keys to promote virus adaptation to specific hosts (bat and human), to contribute to the suppression of immune responses, as well as to pathogenicity.

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Structure and dynamics of membrane protein in SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 63 publications

References 84 publications

IgM and IgG Immunoreactivity of SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant M Protein

IgM and IgG Immunoreactivity of SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant M Protein

COVID-19: Myths and Reality

Coronavirus, the King Who Wanted More Than a Crown: From Common to the Highly Pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, Is the Key in the Accessory Genes?

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