Structure and crystallization behaviour of syndiotactic polystyrene/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

Nagendra, Baku; Das, Amit; Leuteritz, Andreas; Gowd, E. Bhoje

doi:10.1002/pi.5055

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…This technique was successfully used as a preliminary test for the evaluation of flame-retardant properties of polymer/LDH nanocomposites. 19,29−31 The heat release rate (HRR) is considered to be the most important parameter to estimate the flammability behavior of the polymer materials. Figure 10 presents the HRR plots for pristine iPP and its nanocomposites using different types and quantities of LDH.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene/Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites: Influence of LDH Intralayer Metal Constituents on the Properties of Polypropylene

et al. 2017

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Sonication-assisted delamination of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) resulted in smaller-sized LDH nanoparticles (∼50–200 nm). Such delaminated Co–Al LDH, Zn–Al LDH, and Co–Zn–Al LDH solutions were used for the preparation of highly dispersed isotactic polypropylene (iPP) nanocomposites. Transmission electron microscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction results revealed that the LDH nanoparticles were well dispersed within the iPP matrix. The intention of this study is to understand the influence of the intralayer metal composition of LDH on the various properties of iPP/LDH nanocomposites. The sonicated LDH nanoparticles showed a significant increase in the crystallization rate of iPP; however, not much difference in the crystallization rate of iPP was observed in the presence of different types of LDH. The dynamic mechanical analysis results indicated that the storage modulus of iPP was increased significantly with the addition of LDH. The incorporation of different types of LDH showed no influence on the storage modulus of iPP. But considerable differences were observed in the flame retardancy and thermal stability of iPP with the type of LDH used for the preparation of nanocomposites. The thermal stability (50% weight loss temperature ( T 0.5 )) of the iPP nanocomposite containing three-metal LDH (Co–Zn–Al LDH) is superior to that of the nanocomposites made of two-metal LDH (Co–Al LDH and Zn–Al LDH). Preliminary studies on the flame-retardant properties of iPP/LDH nanocomposites using microscale combustion calorimetry showed that the peak heat release rate was reduced by 39% in the iPP/Co–Zn–Al LDH nanocomposite containing 6 wt % LDH, which is higher than that of the two-metal LDH containing nanocomposites, iPP/Co–Al LDH (24%) and iPP/Zn–Al LDH (31%). These results demonstrated that the nanocomposites prepared using three-metal LDH showed better thermal and flame-retardant properties compared to the nanocomposites prepared using two-metal LDH. This difference might be due to the better char formation capability of three-metal LDH compared to that of two-metal LDH.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene/Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites: Influence of LDH Intralayer Metal Constituents on the Properties of Polypropylene

et al. 2017

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“…A microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC) was used as a preliminary tool to test the flammability of the materials using small quantities of material and the results obtained by this method are supported by limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements. This method measures the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) on the principle of oxygen combustion. − Figure shows the characteristic curves of HRR as a function of temperature for PLLA and its nanocomposites containing both f -BNNSs and pristine BNNSs. Other parameters measured from this test such as the reduction in HRR (%), total heat release (THR), and heat release capacity (HRC) are listed in Table along with the LOI values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytic Acid Modified Boron Nitride Nanosheets as Sustainable Multifunctional Nanofillers for Enhanced Properties of Poly(l-lactide)

Rosely

Joseph

Leuteritz

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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A sustainable multifunctional nanofiller ( f-BNNSs) based on boron nitride nanosheets and biobased phytic acid was prepared using (γ-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane as a coupling agent. The structure of f-BNNSs was analyzed systematically using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and elemental mapping. The influence of f-BNNSs on the crystallinity, polymorphism, crystallization kinetics, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and flame retardant properties of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) was systematically investigated. f-BNNSs show remarkable nucleating effects on the crystallization of PLLA, and the crystallization rate increases with increasing f-BNNSs loading. Upon addition of 20 wt % of f-BNNSs, the crystallization half-time of PLLA/f-BNNSs nanocomposite decreases from 12.0 to 1.0 min at 130 °C compared to PLLA. The presence of f-BNNSs in PLLA/f-BNNSs nanocomposites favors the formation of ordered α form irrespective of the loadings of f-BNNSs. Thermal stability and thermal conductivity of PLLA increased significantly due to the strong interfacial interactions between hydroxyl groups of f-BNNSs and the carboxyl groups of PLLA. The presence of phosphorus, nitrogen, silicon, and carbon elements in f-BNNSs improves the char forming capability of f-BNNSs leading to the enhancement of the flame retardancy of PLLA in PLLA/ f-BNNSs nanocomposites. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of neat PLLA is 18.5% and it increases to 27.5% for PLLA nanocomposites containing 20 wt % of f-BNNSs. This work provides a new strategy toward the development of environmentally friendly multifunctional nanofiller for PLLA.

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“…The literature contains many examples of self-dual Leonard pairs. For instance (i) th ated with an irreducible module for the Terwilliger algebra of the hypercube (see [4, Coro Leonard pair of Krawtchouk type (see [10, De nition 6.1]); (iii) the Leonard pair associat module for the Terwilliger algebra of a distance-regular graph that has a spin model in t bra (see [1,Theorem], [3,Theorems 4.1, 5.5]); (iv) an appropriately normalized totally b (see [11,Lemma 14.8]); (v) the Leonard pair consisting of any two of a modular Leonard De nition 1.4]); (vi) the Leonard pair consisting of a pair of opposite generators for th bra, acting on an evaluation module (see [5,Proposition 9.2]). The example (i) is a speci examples (iii), (iv) are special cases of (v).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Halogen-containing flame retardants could greatly improve the flame retardancy of PS, but its combustion products are harmful to environment and people health. Therefore, halogen-free flame retardants, including phosphorus-nitrogen compounds (4), metal hydroxides (5), carbon nanoadditives (6-9) and layered materials (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), have been developed extensively to enhance flame-retardant of polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of calcium montmorillonite on flame resistance, thermal stability and interfacial adhesion in polystyrene nanocomposites

Shen

Xue

et al. 2019

E-Polymers

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To exploit the application of calcium montmorillonite (CaMt) and improve the flame resistance of polystyrene (PS), two kinds of long carbon chain quaternary ammonium bromides with different spatial effect (i.e., cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB)) were used to intercalate CaMt for yielding corresponding organic calcium montmorillonite (CaOMt). The PS nanocomposites containing CaOMt (PS/CaOMt) were prepared by melt blending method. The effects of CaOMt on flame resistance, thermal stability, tensile properties and interfacial adhesion of PS/CaOMt were investigated. The results showed that both CTAB and DDAB were intercalated into CaMt to get CaOMt with an exfoliated/intercalated structure, which could endue good interfacial adhesion and thermal stability for PS/CaOMt. All peak values of flame resistance parameters of PS/CaOMt decreased and corresponding combustion times were postponed obviously. Moreover, Young’s modulus of DDAB-intercalated PS/CaOMt was improved by 49.1% while its tensile strength kept at the same level as PS.

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Structure and crystallization behaviour of syndiotactic polystyrene/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

Abstract: Highly dispersed polymer nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending method. The influence of surfactant free LDH particles on the crystallization behavior and flame retardant properties of syndiotactic polystyrene are investigated.

Cited by 13 publications

References 55 publications

Polypropylene/Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites: Influence of LDH Intralayer Metal Constituents on the Properties of Polypropylene

Polypropylene/Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites: Influence of LDH Intralayer Metal Constituents on the Properties of Polypropylene

Phytic Acid Modified Boron Nitride Nanosheets as Sustainable Multifunctional Nanofillers for Enhanced Properties of Poly(l-lactide)

Application of calcium montmorillonite on flame resistance, thermal stability and interfacial adhesion in polystyrene nanocomposites

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