Structure and catalytic activity of ultrasmall Rh, Pd and (Rh + Pd) nanoparticles obtained by mediated electrosynthesis

Abstract

Efficient mediated electrosynthesis of catalytically active ultrasmall mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles of Rh, Pd stabilized with CTAC was carried out in water.

Metallic nanoparticles for electrocatalytic reduction of halogenated organic compounds: A review

“…(2) Addition of surfactants Another method used to improve nanoparticles deposition is the use of surfactants. The most common surfactants are poly-(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP, MW-10000) [107][108][109], sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) [110], cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) [41,107,111]. They play a key role in the physical separation of the NPs and in the inhibition of their agglomeration [88].…”

“…The preparation of metallic (Ag, Rh, Pd, Au) and bimetallic (RhPd, PdAg, Au/Cu 2 O) NPs can also be achieved by mediated electrosynthesis [41,107,108,111,116]. In this case, the electrode potential applied corresponds to the redox potential of the mediator which is not consumed during the reaction.…”

“…The mediated electrochemical synthesis requires catalytic amounts of nonconsumable mediator (no waste generated), which makes it more environmentally attractive than chemical synthesis. In addition, it allows the production of -ultra small‖ NPs (< 10 nm) that offer undeniable advantages for various applications [41]. However, due to the utilization of redox mediators, the NPs are synthetized in the bulk solution and not directly deposited onto the electrode surface.…”

“…An interesting alternative is the utilization of nanoparticles (NPs) on carbon material supports. NPs have a hierarchical structure with high specific surface area and abundant active sites, making them particularly interesting for catalysis [35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Furthermore, because of their high surface-to-volume ratio, it is possible to obtain high current densities with a low loading of NPs, thus enhancing the efficiency of the reaction, while decreasing the reaction time.…”

Physicochemical Aspects of Metal Nanoparticle Preparation

“…However, the commonly used approach to electrochemical preparation of nanoparticles is based on the use of a mediator molecule, which is reduced on the cathode, and then the reduced form of the mediator diffuses into the solution where it is used for reduction of the metal ion. Methylviologen is the most commonly used mediator [127][128][129][130].…”