Structure and Biomechanical Properties of Crustacean Blood Vessels

Shadwick, Robert E.; Pollock, Colleen M.; Stricker, Stephen A.

doi:10.1086/physzool.63.1.30158155

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Although vessel diameters are similar, the wall thicknesses reported here are 2-3.7 times greater than those cited previously for the crab and the lobster (Shadwick et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…Rings of the anterior lateral artery (ALA), sternal artery (SA) and DAA exhibit non-linear elasticity, characteristic of the interplay of elastic and collagenous connective tissues, as are found in the tunica interna and the tunica externa, respectively (Shadwick et al, 1990;Wilkens et al, 1997a;Chan et al, 2006) (present study). Although vessel diameters are similar, the wall thicknesses reported here are 2-3.7 times greater than those cited previously for the crab and the lobster (Shadwick et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

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Elasticity, unexpected contractility and the identification of actin and myosin in lobster arteries

Wilkens

Cavey

Shovkivska

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Although vessel diameters are similar, the wall thicknesses reported here are 2-3.7 times greater than those cited previously for the crab and the lobster (Shadwick et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Elasticity, unexpected contractility and the identification of actin and myosin in lobster arteries

Wilkens

Cavey

Shovkivska

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Unfortunately, the published descriptions of lobster arteries pertain exclusively to the dorsal abdominal artery, the largest vessel in terms of both wall thickness and luminal diameter. Some of the terminology used for the dorsal abdominal artery, both in the lobster (Burnett 1984; Shadwick et al 1990; Davison et al 1995; Martin & Hose 1995) and in other crustaceans (Martin et al 1989), do not apply to the smaller vessels of Homarus americanus , so we have opted to formulate a new descriptive scheme that is better suited to the task. This scheme avoids the use of terms borrowed from the histology of vertebrate tissues and organs that might introduce confusion (e.g., basal lamina [“the epithelial contribution to a basement membrane”], endothelium [“the simple squamous epithelium lining the circulatory system”], internal elastic lamina [“an aggregation of elastic fibers in medium and small arteries”], external lamina [“a continuous glycocalyx on all cell surfaces”], and adventitia [“connective tissue”]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have emphasized the elastic properties of the tunica interna (Burnett 1984; Martin et al 1989; Shadwick et al 1990; Davison et al 1995; Martin & Hose 1995). The ultrastructure of elastic tissue in this tunic is quite different from that observed in vertebrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic anatomy of the thin‐walled vessels leaving the heart of the lobsterHomarus americanus:anterior lateral arteries

Chan

Cavey

Wilkens

2006

Invertebrate Biology

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Abstract. The anterior lateral arteries are paired vessels leaving the anterior end of the lobster (Homarus americanus) heart and proceeding to the antennae and eyestalks, the stomach and hepatopancreas, the gonads, and the thoracic and branchial muscles. These vessels have a trilaminar organization, consisting of a tunica interna with elastic fibrils, a tunica intermedia represented by a bilayered cell mass, and a tunica externa with collagen fibrils. In the tunica intermedia, cells flanking the tunica interna (light cells) show less affinity for basic dyes and electron stains than those flanking the tunica externa (dark cells). Each light cell exhibits an irregularly shaped stress fiber (a bundle of closely packed microfilaments) in the region adjoining the tunica interna. Collectively, these bundles have a circumferential or slightly oblique orientation relative to the lumen of the vessel. The role of the stress fibers is unresolved. If they are static structures, they might contribute to the non‐linear elasticity shown by lobster arteries. If they generate force, and small bundles of microfilaments do diverge from the stress fibers to enter filamentous mats applied to the plasmalemmata, a coordinated contraction of the cells might reduce the luminal diameter and, thus, retard the flow of hemolymph. Coordination of contraction would have to occur in the absence of nerves and without the benefit of communicating (gap) junctions between the light and dark cells.

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“…Redistribution of arterial flow is accomplished by muscular cardioarterial valves located at the entrance to each arterial system (Maynard, 1960) and has been demonstrated in several species [in Bathynomus: by Kihara and Kuwasawa (Kihara and Kuwasawa, 1984); in Cancer magister: by McGaw and colleagues (McGaw et al, 1994); in Panulirus japonicas: by Kuramoto and Ebara (Kuramoto and Ebara, 1984); and in Procambarus clarkii: by Reiber (Reiber, 1994)]. Beyond the cardio-arterial valves, the vasculature has been shown to contain some contractile elements, yet the functional significance of this has yet to be determined (Shadwick et al, 1990;Wilkens, 1997;Wilkens and Taylor, 2003;Wilkens et al, 2008). One exception, the posterior aorta of the abdomen, contains muscle bands in its lateral walls and also has valves along its length, located at each of the branching segmental lateral vessels, that might allow for changes in resistance Wilkens and Taylor, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cardiac performance during hypoxic exposure in the grass shrimpPalaemonetes pugio

Guadagnoli

Tobita

Reiber

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYIn hearts of higher invertebrates as well as vertebrates, the work performed by the ventricle is a function of both rate and contractility. Decapod crustaceans experience a hypoxia-induced bradycardia that is thought to result in an overall reduction in cardiac work; however, this hypothesis has not yet been tested and is the primary purpose of this study. In the grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio, cardiac pressure and area data were obtained simultaneously, and in vivo, under normoxic (20.2kPaO 2 ) and hypoxic (6.8 or 2.2kPaO 2 ) conditions and integrated to generate pressure-area (P-A) loops. The area enclosed by the P-A loop provides a measure of stroke work and, when multiplied by the heart rate, provides an estimate of both cardiac work and myocardial O 2 consumption. Changes in intra-cardiac pressure (dp/dt) are correlated to the isovolemic contraction phase and provide an indication of stroke work. At both levels of hypoxic exposure, intra-cardiac pressure, dp/dt, stroke work and cardiac work fell significantly. The significant decrease in intra-cardiac pressure provides the primary mechanism for the decrease in stroke work, and, when coupled with the hypoxia-induced bradycardia, it contributes to an overall fall in cardiac work. Compared with normoxic P-A loops, hypoxic P-A loops (at both levels of hypoxia) become curvilinear, indicating a fall in peripheral resistance (which might account for the reduction in intra-cardiac pressure), which would reduce both stroke work and cardiac work and ultimately would serve to reduce myocardial O 2 consumption. This is the most direct evidence to date indicating that the hypoxia-induced bradycardia observed in many decapod crustaceans reduces cardiac work and is therefore energetically favorable during acute exposure to conditions of low oxygen.

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Structure and Biomechanical Properties of Crustacean Blood Vessels

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Elasticity, unexpected contractility and the identification of actin and myosin in lobster arteries

Elasticity, unexpected contractility and the identification of actin and myosin in lobster arteries

Microscopic anatomy of the thin‐walled vessels leaving the heart of the lobsterHomarus americanus:anterior lateral arteries

Changes in cardiac performance during hypoxic exposure in the grass shrimpPalaemonetes pugio

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