Structural Study of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by a Clinical Isolate of Burkholderia cepacia

Exopolysaccharides from Burkholderia cenocepacia Inhibit Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species

“…The mucoid material of BCC consists of several different polysaccharide species, the most common of which is called cepacian (19). This EPS species is composed of a branched acetylated heptasaccharide repeating unit and is produced by strains isolated in different parts of the world (20,(41)(42)(43). Cepacian appears to be a BCC specific EPS species; together with two other polysaccharides, dextran and polysaccharide-I (18), cepacian makes up the EPS used in this study (17).…”

Mechanisms Controlling the Expression of the Exopolysaccharide of Burkholderia and Role in Niche Adaptation

“…This ability is confirmed by the presence of the bce biosynthetic genes in all Burkholderia sequenced genomes with the exception for Burkholderia mallei (Ferreira et al, 2010). Cepacian is composed of a branched acetylated heptasaccharide repeat-unit with D-glucose, D-rhamnose, D-mannose, D-galactose and D-glucuronic acid in the ratio of 1:1:1:3:1 (Cescutti et al, 2000). Cepacian biosynthesis starts with the synthesis of the nucleotide sugar precursors, catalyzed by isomerases, mutases, epimerases, among other enzymes (Ferreira et al, 2010).…”

“…The primary structure of the exopolysaccharide cepacian produced by the clinical isolate Burkholderia cepacia IST408 has been determined. Cepacian is an acetylated acidic polysaccharide with a branched heptasaccharide repeat-unit composed of D-glucose, Drhamnose, D-mannose, D-galactose and D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 1:1:1:3:1 (Table 1) (Cescutti et al, 2000;Richau et al, 2000a;Sist et al, 2003). The amount of acetyl groups per repeat-unit seems to be strain dependent, varying from 2 to 4 groups.…”

Activated Sugar Precursors: Biosynthetic Pathways and Biological Roles of an Important Class of Intermediate Metabolites in Bacteria

“…GDP-D-mannose is the donor of D-mannose, a sugar residue found in many bacterial extracellular polysaccharides, as is the case of xanthan, cepacian, acetan, and some sphingans (Becker et al, 1998;Cescutti et al, 2000;Richau et al, 2000;Griffin et al, 1997;Fialho et al, 2008). The synthesis of GDP-D-mannose from F6P requires the enzyme activities phosphomannose isomerase (PMI; EC 5.3.1.8), phosphomannose mutase (PMM; EC 5.4.2.8) and GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP; EC 2.7.7.13) (Fig.…”

“…For example, GDP-D-mannose is one of the sugar nucleotides necessary for the synthesis of the exopolysaccharide Cepacian . This EPS is composed of a branched acetylated heptasaccharide repeating unit with D-glucose, D-rhamnose, D-mannose, Dgalactose, and D-glucuronic acid, in the ratio 1:1:1:3:1 (Cescutti et al, 2000). Cepacian is produced by environmental, and human, animal and plant pathogenic isolates belonging to several Burkholderia species .…”