Structural requirements for stabilization of vascular elastin by polyphenolic tannins

Isenburg, Jason C.; Karamchandani, Nishant V.; Simionescu, Dan T.; Vyavahare, Narendra R.

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.02.016

Cited by 73 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The phenolic nature of tannins which is embedded within its comparatively hydrophilic "shell" and hydrophobic "core" are the features responsible for its antioxidant action [30,31]. The properties of tannin-rich extracts was observed in meat model system studies on bearberry leaf (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) extract and characterized by the existence of hydrolysable and condensed tannins [32].…”

Section: Tannic Acid (Tannins)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Natural Plant Antioxidants: Analysis and Evaluation

Mohammed¹,

Tijani²,

Abubakar³

et al. 2013

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Antioxidative compounds play a vital role to inhibit the oxidation of oxidizable products and influences the body defense system against Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are harmful byproducts engendered during normal aerobic cellular respiration. ROS are specialized class of highly reactive molecules that originates during oxygen metabolism, whereas extensive evidences indicate the involvement of ROS in the development of degenerative diseases in humans. Despite the fact that synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are threat to human's health; they are widely employed as chemical preservatives to avert potential deterioration of food products. Several toxicological findings reveal that natural antioxidants are capable of providing protection against free radical-related diseases, cancer and other cardiovascular infections. In cognizance with these facts, natural antioxidant attracts a great deal of research interest; therefore, this review provides a comprehensive and an up-to-date overview of the three most essential natural plant antioxidants; their antioxidative properties, methods of analysis and evaluation. These Polyphenols comprise: Phenolic acid, an essential polyphenol that are broadly dispersed in plants to exert positive influence on oxidative stress; Flavonoid, an ubiquitous antioxidant that functions in free radical scavenging, metal ion chelation and enzymes inhibition to suppress the synthesis of free radicals; and Tannic acid, a water soluble anti-nutrient that acts to precipitate alkaloids & proteins, reduce mineral & vitamin utilization and restrict the activities of digestive enzymes. In conclusion, a variety of plant species were characterized to indicate in vitro antioxidative properties.

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Section: Tannic Acid (Tannins)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Natural Plant Antioxidants: Analysis and Evaluation

Mohammed¹,

Tijani²,

Abubakar³

et al. 2013

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“…Similar to many other plant polyphenols, TA possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antiproteolytic effects, anti-mutagenic effect 2 . It is known to form multiple hydrogen bonds with proteins, particularly those rich in proline such as elastin and collagen and used in the manufacture of gelatin product and leather adhesives 3,4 . It has been suggested as a potential crosslinking agent and improves the elastin and collagen stability in cardiovascular implants as evidenced by an increased resistance to proteolytic degradation against collagenase activity 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on collagen-tannic acid-collagenase ternary system: Inhibition of collagenase against collagenolytic degradation of extracellular matrix component of collagen

Krishnamoorthy

Sehgal

Mandal

et al. 2011

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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“…9 Despite their relative merits and demerits, long-term cardiac=pulmonary complications and other surgical and graft-associated complications cause survival rates to drop drastically within 10 years postsurgery. 10 Other prominent nonsurgical approaches to inhibit inflammation and elastin matrix degradation within aneurysmals include pharmacologically inhibiting release and activity of proteolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 11 by tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases (TIMP), or other drugs, 12 chemically stabilizing existing matrix structures, 13,14 and repairing already-developed aneurysms by endovascularly seeded healthy cells. 15 Unfortunately, none of these strategies present an integrated approach to modulate aneurysmal cell phenotype, reinstate healthy matrix architecture, and provide conditions for stabilizing the local vascular environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Hyaluronan Oligomers and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 Factors for Elastic Matrix Regeneration by Aneurysmal Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells

Kothapalli

Gacchina

Ramamurthi

2009

Tissue Engineering Part A

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The progression of aortic aneurysms (AAs) is typically associated with an activated smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype, diminished density of mature medial elastic fibers, and an elevated presence of matrix-degrading enzymes, which ultimately leads to vessel rupture. Currently, no surgical or nonsurgical methods are available to regress aneurysms via regeneration of new elastic matrices, particularly because of inherently poor elastin synthesis by adult vascular cells and absence of tools to stimulate the same. We seek to address this void in this study. We recently showed 0.2 mg=mL of hyaluronan oligomers and 1 ng=mL of transforming growth factor-b1 (termed elastogenic factors) to dramatically enhance elastin synthesis and matrix formation by healthy aortic SMCs. In this study, the effect of these factors, alone or together, on suppressing procalcific and elastolytic activities of aneurysmal vascular cells, and improving their elastin matrix synthesis and assembly is examined. Periadventitial injury with calcium chloride was used to induce AAs in rats, and *45% increase in aortic diameter was observed after 4 weeks. Aneurysmal SMCs isolated from these AA segments produced higher levels of inflammatory markers matrix metalloproteinases-2 and 9 elastase activity and calcific deposits, while synthesizing significantly less collagen, tropoelastin, and matrix elastin proteins over a 3-week culture period, relative to healthy SMCs. While hyaluronan oligomers alone significantly suppressed aneurysmal cell proliferation and promoted 20-50% increases in collagen and elastin synthesis ( p < 0.01), transforming growth factorb1 alone had no effect on cellular proliferation and elastin synthesis. However, provision of factors together resulted in significantly higher amounts of collagen=elastin protein synthesis and crosslinking, by upregulating lysyl oxidase and desmosine. Compared to their individual contributions, the factors together were highly effective in minimizing the release of inflammatory enzymes, and encouraging elastic fiber formation. Since elastic matrix amounts were one order of magnitude lower than that observed with healthy cells, even upon elastogenic stimulation at doses optimized previously for healthy cells, increased doses are likely required and must be reoptimized for diseased cells. Despite this, the results point to the potential utility of these elastogenic factors in regenerating elastic matrices within AAs.

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Structural requirements for stabilization of vascular elastin by polyphenolic tannins

Cited by 73 publications

References 24 publications

An Overview of Natural Plant Antioxidants: Analysis and Evaluation

An Overview of Natural Plant Antioxidants: Analysis and Evaluation

Studies on collagen-tannic acid-collagenase ternary system: Inhibition of collagenase against collagenolytic degradation of extracellular matrix component of collagen

Utility of Hyaluronan Oligomers and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 Factors for Elastic Matrix Regeneration by Aneurysmal Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells

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