Structural regulation chemistry of lithium ion solvation for lithium batteries

Abstract

The performance of Li batteries is influenced by the Li+ solvation structure, which can be precisely adjusted by the components of the electrolytes. In this review, we overview the strategies for optimizing electrolyte solvation structures from three different perspectives, including anion regulation, binding energy regulation, and additive regulation. These strategies can optimize the composition of the electrode‐electrolyte interface, enhance the anti‐oxidative stability of electrolytes as well as regulate the behaviors of anions, solvents, and Li+ during the cycling process. Moreover, we also provide our insights into these aspects as well as present perspectives on high‐performance Li batteries.

Exploiting the Steric Effect and Low Dielectric Constant of 1,2-Dimethoxypropane for 4.3 V Lithium Metal Batteries

“…Recently, weakly coordinating solvents (WCSs) have been investigated as an alternative to HCEs and LHCEs. The Li + -solvation power of WCSs can be tuned to induce the formation of CIPs and AGGs in the electrolytes to form an inorganic-rich stable SEI. − The solvating power of solvents can be roughly estimated from the values of the dipole moment and dielectric constant, and these parameters are generally proportional to each other. These two parameters, which could also be considered to be electrostatic factors, are representative indicators of the extent to which a solvent can stabilize a charged ion; , the lower these values are, the lower the solvating power will be to induce the formation of additional CIP and AGG-abundant solvation structures in the electrolyte.…”

Metal‐organic framework derived porous structures towards lithium rechargeable batteries

“…Some say that the battery of things era has arrived, saying that energy can now be used anytime, anywhere without being constrained by time and space through innovation in secondary battery technology. The largest demand for LIBs is coming from the need to power digital devices such as mobile phones, laptop computers, and the demand is expanding from portable information and communication devices to large‐scale applications such as space and aviation, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and advanced energy storage systems for supporting electrical grids 1‐9 …”

Effective and Low-Cost In Situ Surface Engineering Strategy to Enhance the Interface Stability of an Ultrahigh Ni-Rich NCMA Cathode

“…Currently, it is an inevitable trend for electric vehicles (EVs) to replace combustion engine vehicles in the background of global energy savings and emission reduction. − Li-ion batteries (LIBs), as the dominant power source, play a pivotal role in the development of EVs. , LIBs are still unable to meet the growing demand for energy density and structural stability, which are primarily dictated by the cathode materials. − Ultrahigh Ni-rich quaternary layered LiNi 1– x – y – z Co x Mn y Al z O 2 (1 – x – y – z ≥ 0.9) oxides are considered to be some of the most prospective cathode candidates for EV batteries because of their comparatively high energy density, low cost, and environmental benignity. , However, high Ni content for Ni-rich cathodes will accelerate surface structure degradation, resulting in rapid capacity decay during cycling. − In detail, (i) a large amount of reactive Ni 4+ produced in a charged state can react with the electrolyte to cause growth of the solid electrolyte interfacial (SEI) film on the cathode surface, leading to increased surface impedance, (ii) transition-metal dissolution is caused by the attack of hydrofluoric acid (HF) generated by the reaction of LiPF 6 with moisture, and (iii) violent internal mechanical stress generated by the H2–H3 phase transition causes the particle to crack and creates more fresh surface, which aggravates interfacial parasitic reactions. Consequently, it is crucial to impede the interfacial parasitic reactions between the cathode active material and electrolyte for improving the electrochemical performance of ultrahigh Ni-rich layered oxides.…”