“…On the other hand, Connectionism primarily aims to model a process (e.g., learning), which is implemented as incremental modifications of a network-like structure (e.g., edge weights) to fine-tune the output and performance of the model. Each approach has advantages and limitations for modeling human cognition, and there are even emerging lines of research that uses the modern tools of Network Science to study the structure of neural networks (e.g., Annunziato, Bertini, De Felice, & Pizzuti, 2007;Dobnikar & Šter, 2009;Li, 2008;Simard, Nadeau, & Kröger, 2005;Tang, Xi, & Ma, 2006;Torres, Muñoz, Marro, & Garrido, 2004). Our paper aims to highlight how modern network science can help advance our understanding of cognition, rather than to directly compare the Network Science and Connectionism approaches.…”