Structural origin of the enhanced electro-optic response of dendrimeric systems

Pereverzev, Yuriy V.; Prezhdo, Oleg V.; Dalton, Larry R.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00578-5

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…An agreement between the Ising model and experiment can also be achieved if the dipole axis is tilted at an angle to the longest molecular axis. [19] Computational studies of a variety of chromophores confirmed this possibility. [51] Although agreement between the experimental data and the Ising model can be achieved by adjusting a single parameter-either the polymer dielectric constant [34] or the angle of the chromophore dipole [19] -for clarity only the isotropic model results are presented for the FTC-H, GLD-H, and ISX chromophore systems, Figures 11 b, 11 c, and 11 d. Good agreement between theory and experiment was seen in all cases.…”

Section: Discussion and Comparison With Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…with s, g, and q from Equations (18) and (19). The behavior of r(x) with varying concentration x is illustrated in Figure 9 by the solid lines.…”

Section: The Isotropic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17] The chromophore fragments are then introduced into polymers either as guests, side groups, or main chain segments. Individual chromophores are chemically bonded into well-defined structures, such as cone supramolecules and dendrimers, [15,16,18,19] in which dipole moments and NLO effects add up with the number of connected chromophores. The microscopic NLO fragments can be additionally enhanced with cross-linkable groups that, at moderately high temperatures or by the application of light, interact and form stable, cross-linked polymeric networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25][26] More generally, and often most efficiently, the microscopic molecular NLO elements are designed to possess large dipole moments that are ordered by an external field. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] The current Minireview follows our earlier work [19,[34][35][36][37] and, using the existing theories of dipolar ordering, describes the key factors that determine the efficiency of poling in the formation of macroscopic polarization in NLO materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroscopic Order and Electro‐Optic Response of Dipolar Chromophore–Polymer Materials

2004

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This Minireview considers the key factors that govern the organization of macroscopic polarization in nonlinear optical systems obtained by electric poling of organic dipolar chromophores dissolved in polymer matrices. The macroscopic electric polarization depends on the thermodynamic state of the dipole system. The dependence of the paraelectric and antiferroelectric states of dipolar chromophores on the chromophore concentration and the strength of the poling field is discussed. Phase transitions between the para- and antiferroelectric states are investigated within the limits of the Ising and isotropic models for the chromophore dipoles and are considered for varying chromophore concentration, poling field strength, and macroscopic shape of the sample used for poling. The macroscopic polarization and electro-optic coefficient of the material change drastically upon phase transition. The theories are compared with the experimental data on the electro-optic coefficient dependence on the chromophore concentration. The isotropic dipole model shows excellent agreement with experiment for the chromophore systems most commonly used in nonlinear optics.

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Section: Discussion and Comparison With Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…with s, g, and q from Equations (18) and (19). The behavior of r(x) with varying concentration x is illustrated in Figure 9 by the solid lines.…”

Section: The Isotropic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroscopic Order and Electro‐Optic Response of Dipolar Chromophore–Polymer Materials

2004

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“…Controlling the chromophore shape is still a key factor for obtaining high r 33 [2,10,11]. However, a strong, efficient EO response has recently been obtained from modifying EO polymer systems such as dendrimeric and hyperbranched systems [12][13][14][15]. In general, many researchers have preferred a sidechain EO polymer system to the dendrimeric and hyperbranched systems because of its easy preparation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%