Structural Integrity of the Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Electrocortical Sensitivity to Reward

Parvaz, Muhammad A.; Konova, Anna B.; Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.; Goldstein, Rita Z.

doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00166

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Thus, the neural activity required for the successful preparation (here, encoding) of an upcoming event seems to be enhanced by the motivation to gain reward. This modulation of the P3b by reward expectancy is in line with results from other studies showing larger P3b amplitudes for reward trials than for trials without reward (Begleiter, Chou, & Aunon, 1983;Krebs et al, 2013;Parvaz, Konova, Tomasi, Volkow, & Goldstein, 2012), as well as for high-as compared to lowreward conditions (Capa, Bouquet, Dreher, & Dufur, 2013;Goldstein et al, 2006). Recently, Krebs and colleagues applied a Stroop task and found increased P3b amplitudes to reward-predicting cues, which were interpreted as increased preparatory attention toward critical features of the upcoming Stroop stimulus that were essential to obtain later reward.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The influence of monetary incentives on context processing in younger and older adults: an event-related potential study

Schmitt

Ferdinand

Kray

2015

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Recent evidence has indicated that neuronal activity related to reward anticipation benefits subsequent stimulus processing, but the effect of penalties remains largely unknown. Since the dual-mechanisms-of-control theory (DMC; Braver & Barch, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 26, 809-81, 2002) assumes that temporal differences in context updating underlie age differences in cognitive control, in this study we investigated whether motivational cues (signaling the chance to win or the risk to lose money, relative to neutral cues) preceding context information in a modified AX-CPT paradigm influence the temporal stages of context processing in younger and older adults. In the behavioral data, younger adults benefited from gain cues, evident in their enhanced context updating, whereas older adults exhibited slowed responding after motivational cues, irrespective of valence. Event-related potentials (ERPs) revealed that the enhanced processing of motivational cues in the P2 and P3b was mainly age-invariant, whereas age-differential effects were found for the ERP correlates of context processing. Younger adults showed improved context maintenance (i.e., a larger negative-going CNV), as well as increased conflict detection (larger N450) and resolution (indicated by a sustained positivity), whenever incorrect responding would lead to a monetary loss. In contrast, motivationally salient cues benefited context representations (in cue-locked P3b amplitudes), but increased working memory demands during response preparation (via a temporally prolonged P3b) in older adults. In sum, motivational valence and salience effects differentially modulated the temporal stages of context processing in younger and older adults. These results are discussed in terms of the DMC theory, recent findings of emotion regulation in old age, and the relationship between cognitive and affective processing.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The influence of monetary incentives on context processing in younger and older adults: an event-related potential study

Schmitt

Ferdinand

Kray

2015

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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“…Recent studies of GMV in cocaine-dependent adults (59–61) have found lower gray matter relative to controls in ventral-frontal regions that overlap the ventral-frontal cluster reported here. Lower OFC GMV was correlated with cocaine-related compulsivity in Ersche and colleagues, whereas Konova and colleagues (60) found not only lower GMV in the VMPFC in cocaine-dependent subjects, but also greater VMPFC deactivation in a monetary reward task relative to control subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure and Gray Matter Volume in Adolescent Boys and Girls: Relationship to Substance Use Initiation

Rando¹,

Chaplin²,

Potenza³

et al. 2013

Biological Psychiatry

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Background Studies of prenatal cocaine exposure have primarily examined childhood populations. Studying adolescents is especially important because adolescence is a time of changing motivations and initiation of substance use. Methods Using magnetic resonance imaging and whole-brain voxel-based morphometry, we assessed gray matter volume (GMV) differences in 42 prenatally cocaine exposed (PCE) and 21 noncocaine-exposed (NCE) adolescents, aged 14 to 17 years. Associations between GMV differences in significant clusters and the probability of substance use initiation were examined. Results PCE relative to NCE adolescents demonstrated three clusters of lower GMV involving a limbic and paralimbic (p < .001, family-wise error [FWE] corrected), superior frontal gyrus (p = .001, FWE corrected), and precuneus (p = .019, FWE corrected) cluster. GMVs in the superior frontal and precuneus clusters were associated with initiation of substance use. Each 1-mL decrease in GMV increased the probability of initiating substance use by 69.6% (p = .01) in the superior frontal cluster and 83.6% (p = .02) in the precuneus cluster. Conclusions PCE is associated with structural differences in cortical and limbic regions. Lower GMVs in frontal cortical and posterior regions are associated with substance use initiation and may represent biological risk markers for substance use.

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“…Nonetheless, these results were not replicated using an alternative meta-analytic method (see Liu et al 2011). Such scarce evidence contrasts with the psychophysiological studies showing enhanced P300 when processing reward cues and outcomes (Parvaz et al 2012;van Lankveld and Smulders 2008;Yeung and Sanfey 2004), and with functional connectivity studies showing increased coupling between the parietal and striatal areas in the presence of reward cues (Padmala and Pessoa 2011). Furthermore, fMRI studies using attentional paradigms have revealed the greater involvement of the fronto-parietal areas when processing rewarding stimuli that compete with other stimuli (Small et al 2005;Locke and Braver 2008;Mohanty et al 2008;Engelmann et al 2009;Ivanov et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A new window to understanding individual differences in reward sensitivity from attentional networks

et al. 2014

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Revista:Brain Structure and Function, 2014 Abstract:Existing evidence suggests that the presence of reward cues modifies the activity in attentional networks; however, the nature of these influences remains poorly understood. Here, we performed independent component analysis (ICA) in two fMRI datasets corresponding to two incentive delay tasks, which compared the response to reward (money and erotic pictures) and neutral cues, and yielded activations in the ventral striatum using a General Linear Model approach. Across both experiments, ICA revealed that both the right frontoparietal network and default mode network time courses were positively and negatively modulated by reward cues, respectively.Moreover, this dual neural response pattern was enhanced in individuals with strong reward sensitivity. Therefore, ICA may be a complementary tool to investigate the relevant role of attentional networks on reward processing, and to investigate reward sensitivity in normal and pathological populations.

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Structural Integrity of the Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Electrocortical Sensitivity to Reward

Cited by 21 publications

References 76 publications

The influence of monetary incentives on context processing in younger and older adults: an event-related potential study

The influence of monetary incentives on context processing in younger and older adults: an event-related potential study

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure and Gray Matter Volume in Adolescent Boys and Girls: Relationship to Substance Use Initiation

A new window to understanding individual differences in reward sensitivity from attentional networks

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