Structural integrity of service exposed primary reformer tube in a petrochemical industry

Ray, Ashok K; Roy, Nilima; Raj, A; Roy, B. N.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpvp.2015.10.003

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Tubes can experience deterioration both internally and externally. Several damage mechanisms can occur in catalytic reformer heater tubes, such as creep, external oxidation, and high temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA), carburization, and metal dusting, caused by abnormal operation, low flow, high temperature, or flame impingement, which may lead to a reduction in its structural integrity and eventual damage that might cause fire when loss of containment occurs [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation Damage Analysis of Ferritic Alloy Steel Heater Tubes in Catalytic Reforming Unit

Dib,

Zennir,

Bounezour

et al. 2024

IJHT

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Reformer heater tubes operate in a complex environment involving high temperatures, pressure, and corrosive atmospheres. Depending on the operating conditions, several mechanisms can occur, such as creep, oxidation, high-temperature hydrogen attack, and carburization. This paper aims to evaluate the degradation degree of catalytic reformer heater tubes made of ferritic alloy-steel A 335 grade P22 based on a combination of inspection techniques, including visual inspection, microstructure observation, metallographic analysis, and mechanical properties testing. The results show severe oxidation and scaling occurring on the outer surface of the heater tube due to operating the tubes above recommended levels. Several recommendations are suggested to reduce the risk of thermal oxidation and prevent similar damages from reoccurring in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation Damage Analysis of Ferritic Alloy Steel Heater Tubes in Catalytic Reforming Unit

Dib,

Zennir,

Bounezour

et al. 2024

IJHT

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“…Premature failures of reformer tubes are frequently observed and are caused by various mechanisms such as creep, carburization, and thermal shock. Evaluation of creep damage in reformer tubes has been reported by several investigators, either after creep testing [2,4,5], after a certain operational time [6][7][8][9][10], or after premature tube rupture [11,12]. In addition, specific studies of microstructural evolution after long-term aging at high temperatures have been performed [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging Phenomena during In-Service Creep Exposure of Heat-Resistant Steels

Haidemenopoulos

Polychronopoulou

Zervaki

et al. 2019

Metals

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An investigation of aging phenomena during creep exposure has been conducted for HP-Nb cast reformer tubes for several exposure conditions. Aging was manifested by carbide precipitation, carbide coarsening, and carbide transformation. The transformation of primary M7C3 to the more stable M23C6 carbide takes place at high exposure temperature (910 °C and above). The primary MC carbides transform to the Ni-Nb silicide or G-phase during creep exposure. The presence of Ti in the steel prevented the transformation of MC carbides to the G-phase. Morphological changes like needle to globular transitions, rounding of carbide edges, and carbide coarsening take place during creep exposure. The room-temperature tensile elongation and ultimate tensile strength are significantly reduced during creep exposure. The above aging phenomena are precursors to creep damage.

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Material Degradation Analysis and Reliability Assessment of Residual Life for Service-Exposed Reformer Tubes

Han

Cao

Wang

et al. 2020

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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Structural integrity of service exposed primary reformer tube in a petrochemical industry

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Oxidation Damage Analysis of Ferritic Alloy Steel Heater Tubes in Catalytic Reforming Unit

Oxidation Damage Analysis of Ferritic Alloy Steel Heater Tubes in Catalytic Reforming Unit

Aging Phenomena during In-Service Creep Exposure of Heat-Resistant Steels

Material Degradation Analysis and Reliability Assessment of Residual Life for Service-Exposed Reformer Tubes

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