Structural incorporation of W<sup>6+</sup>into hematite and goethite: A combined study of natural and synthetic iron oxides developed from precursor ferrihydrite and the preservation of ancient fluid compositions in hematite

Kreissl, Stefan; Bolanz, Ralph M.; Göttlicher, Jörg; Steininger, Ralph; Tarassov, Mihail; Markl, Gregor

doi:10.2138/am-2016-5690

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…P 2 O 5 and Al 2 O 3 concentrations show high variability, with the lowest values occurring in the goethite from the Suchot vein. Noteworthy, most EPMA analyses of goethite display quite low totals, suggesting a larger contribution of OH and/or H 2 O than expected, according to Keissl et al [42], or the presence of small amounts of other elements that were not detected or not analyzed.…”

Section: Goethitementioning

confidence: 85%

“…Goethite, or more strictly, W-rich ferric iron oxide material for the most W-enriched [41], contains a variable amount of W (32 analyses in 5 samples), as well as Al and P (Figure 11). When replacing wolframite in schist, goethite has up to 20 wt.% WO3; in this case the mineral could not be unequivocally identified, as goethite crystallographic features are perturbed by the high W content [42]. Where goethite crystallizes in the vicinity of W-mineralization, as is the case in the stockwork area or in the Suchot vein where it is associated with wolframite and W-rich rutile, respectively, it contains intermediate amounts of WO3 (2-7 wt.%).…”

Section: Goethitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crystallization of W-rich goethite in the absence of wolframite (late quartz veins, kaolinized granite) suggests at least partial remobilisation of W during this late episode. As evidenced in [41,42], the chemistry of goethite appears to be a good indicator for the proximity of a W source. This is consistent with the WO 3 measured in goethite at Echassières, which varies inversely to the distance from mineralized rocks.…”

Section: Source Reservoir and Remobilization Of Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Generations of Wolframite Mineralization in the Echassieres District (Massif Central, France)

et al. 2019

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The Echassières district in central France contains complex rare-element ore deposits, whose formation is related to exotic igneous events and several hydrothermal episodes that are not entirely understood to date. Tungsten mineralization consists of three generations of wolframite, characterized by distinct Fe/Mn ratios (8.4; 3.5 and 0.3, for wolframite a, b and c, respectively), formed during three separate hydrothermal episodes related to the Variscan orogeny. Wolframite a occurs in quartz veins of the La Bosse stockwork where it crystallized before the Barrovian metamorphism that affected these veins and the host rock. After metamorphism, before intrusion of the Beauvoir and Colettes granites, wolframite b crystallized in the stockwork during massive topazification. High concentrations of wolframite c occur in the proximal quartz veins in the Mazet area, while only scant amounts are found in the La Bosse stockwork. In both settings, wolframite c precipitated from the fluid responsible for greisen alteration that massively affected the Beauvoir granite. In the La Bosse stockwork, greisen alteration is characterized by hydrothermal topaz that is texturally and chemically distinct from that precipitated during topazification. Supergene alteration responsible for kaolinization of Beauvoir and Colettes granites caused remobilization of a non-negligible amount of tungsten (W) during replacement of wolframite by W-rich goethite in all units of the Echassières district. This model for multiple W mineralizing events is novel and can prove essential in distinguishing potential economic deposits worldwide.

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Section: Goethitementioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Goethitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source Reservoir and Remobilization Of Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Generations of Wolframite Mineralization in the Echassieres District (Massif Central, France)

et al. 2019

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“…The geochemical behavior of W is still not fully understood and research on its mobility is needed. What is known is that W belongs to group 6 of the periodic table, and has similar behavior to Mo (Gustafsson 2003;Kashiwabara et al 2013;Kreissl et al 2016). It forms monometric tungstate (WO 4 2− ) in natural waters with near-neutral or alkaline pH and can form several polyoxyanionic species in acidic waters (Koutsospyros et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scheelite weathering and tungsten (W) mobility in historical oxidic-sulfidic skarn tailings at Yxsjöberg, Sweden

Hällström

Alakangas

Martinsson

2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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More knowledge of the geochemical behavior of tungsten (W) and associated contamination risks is needed. Therefore, weathering of scheelite (CaWO 4) and secondary sequestration and transport of W to groundwater in historical skarn tailings and surface water downstream of the tailings were studied. The tailings contained 920 mg/kg W, primarily in scheelite. Mineralogical and geochemical analyses were combined to elucidate the geochemical behavior of W in the tailings, and water samples were taken monthly during 2018 to monitor its mobility. In the tailings, a large peak of W was found at 1.5 m depth. There, 30 wt%. of W was present in easily reducible phases, indicating former scheelite weathering. Currently, W is being released from scheelite to water-soluble phases at 2.5 m depth. The release of WO 4 2− is hypothetically attributed to anion exchange with CO 3 2− released from calcite neutralizing acid produced from pyrrhotite oxidation in the upper tailings and transported downwards to pH conditions > 7. Higher concentrations of dissolved W were found in the groundwater and particulate W in downstream surface water than in reference water, but they were lower than current contamination thresholds. Tungsten showed correlations with hydrous ferric oxides (HFO) in both the tailings and surface water.

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“…Association VIII most likely reflects isomorphic elements. The uncommon association of W and Cd (IX) can indicate microscopic inclusions of Fe oxides, which easily incorporate these elements into their structure [70][71][72].…”

Section: Mode Of Occurrence Of Trace Elements In Pyrite Nodulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authigenesis at the Urals Massive Sulfide Deposits: Insight from Pyrite Nodules Hosted in Ore Diagenites

et al. 2020

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The pyrite nodules from ore diagenites of the Urals massive sulfide deposits associated with various background sedimentary rocks are studied using optical and electron microscopy and LA-ICP-MS analysis. The nodules are found in sulfide–black shale, sulfide–carbonate–hyaloclastite, and sulfide–serpentinite diagenites of the Saf’yanovskoe, Talgan, and Dergamysh deposits, respectively. The nodules consist of the core made up of early diagenetic fine-crystalline (grained) pyrite and the rim (±intermediate zone) composed of late diagenetic coarse-crystalline pyrite. The nodules are replaced by authigenic sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, and fahlores (Saf’yanovskoe), sphalerite, chalcopyrite and galena (Talgan), and pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite (Dergamysh). They exhibit specific accessory mineral assemblages with dominant galena and fahlores, various tellurides and Co–Ni sulfoarsenides in sulfide-black shale, sulfide–hyaloclastite–carbonate, and sulfide-serpentinite diagenites, respectively. The core of nodules is enriched in trace elements in contrast to the rim. The nodules from sulfide–black shale diagenites are enriched in most trace elements due to their effective sorption by associated organic-rich sediments. The nodules from sulfide–carbonate–hyaloclastite diagenites are rich in elements sourced from seawater, hyaloclastites and copper–zinc ore clasts. The nodules from sulfide–serpentinite diagenites are rich in Co and Ni, which are typical trace elements of ultramafic rocks and primary ores from the deposit.

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Structural incorporation of W⁶⁺into hematite and goethite: A combined study of natural and synthetic iron oxides developed from precursor ferrihydrite and the preservation of ancient fluid compositions in hematite

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

Multiple Generations of Wolframite Mineralization in the Echassieres District (Massif Central, France)

Multiple Generations of Wolframite Mineralization in the Echassieres District (Massif Central, France)

Scheelite weathering and tungsten (W) mobility in historical oxidic-sulfidic skarn tailings at Yxsjöberg, Sweden

Authigenesis at the Urals Massive Sulfide Deposits: Insight from Pyrite Nodules Hosted in Ore Diagenites

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Structural incorporation of W6+into hematite and goethite: A combined study of natural and synthetic iron oxides developed from precursor ferrihydrite and the preservation of ancient fluid compositions in hematite

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

Multiple Generations of Wolframite Mineralization in the Echassieres District (Massif Central, France)

Multiple Generations of Wolframite Mineralization in the Echassieres District (Massif Central, France)

Scheelite weathering and tungsten (W) mobility in historical oxidic-sulfidic skarn tailings at Yxsjöberg, Sweden

Authigenesis at the Urals Massive Sulfide Deposits: Insight from Pyrite Nodules Hosted in Ore Diagenites

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Structural incorporation of W⁶⁺into hematite and goethite: A combined study of natural and synthetic iron oxides developed from precursor ferrihydrite and the preservation of ancient fluid compositions in hematite