Structural Heterozygosity, Duplication of Telomeric (TTTAGGG)&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt; Clusters and B Chromosome Architecture in &lt;i&gt;Tradescantia&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;virginiana&lt;/i&gt; L.

Golczyk, Hieronim

doi:10.1159/000328915

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Another example concerning the presence of additional telomeric sequences in B chromosomes has been reported in the plant Tradescantia virginiana, where they emerged by small duplications or subterminal inversions. In addition, it has been suggested that the B chromosome originated by excision of the distal region of an A chromosome [Golczyk, 2011].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B Chromosome Variants of the Grasshopper Xyleus discoideus angulatus Are Potentially Derived from Pericentromeric DNA

Bernardino

Cabral-de-Mello

Machado

et al. 2017

Cytogenet Genome Res

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B chromosomes, extra elements present in the karyotypes of some eukaryote species, have been described in the grasshopper Xyleus discoideus angulatus. Although some studies have proposed an autosomal origin of the B chromosome in X. d. angulatus, little is known about its repetitive DNA composition and evolutionary dynamics. The aim of the present work was to shed light on the B chromosome evolution in X. d. angulatus by cytogenetic analysis of 27 populations from Pernambuco and Ceará states (Brazil). The frequency of B chromosomes in the different populations was determined, and chromosome measurements and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with C₀t-DNA and telomeric and B chromosome sequences were performed in cells from B-carrying individuals. The results revealed variations in B chromosome prevalence among the populations and showed that some B chromosomes were smaller in certain populations. FISH produced similar patterns for the C₀t-DNA probe in all hybridized individuals, whereas telomeric and B chromosome probes, obtained by microdissection, exhibited variations in their distribution. These results indicate the presence of 3 morphotypes of B chromosomes in X. d. angulatus, with variation in repetitive DNA composition during their evolution. In this species, B chromosomes have an intraspecific origin and probably arose from the pericentromeric region of A chromosomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B Chromosome Variants of the Grasshopper Xyleus discoideus angulatus Are Potentially Derived from Pericentromeric DNA

Bernardino

Cabral-de-Mello

Machado

et al. 2017

Cytogenet Genome Res

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“…To detect evolutionarily conserved 18S-5.8S-26S and 5S rDNA sites, a 2.3 kb ClaI fragment of the 26S rDNA ribosomal gene of A. thaliana (Unfried and Gruendler 1990 ) labeled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP (Roche Applied Science) by nick translation and the 5S rDNA coding unit, PCR-labeled with tetramethyl-rhodamine-5-dUTP (Roche Applied Science), were obtained as previously described (Golczyk 2011a ; Golczyk et al 2014 ) and used as probes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple non-toxic ethylene carbonate fluorescence in situ hybridization (EC-FISH) for simultaneous detection of repetitive DNA sequences and fluorescent bands in plants

Golczyk

2019

Protoplasma

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The major drawbacks of standard plant fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) designed for double-stranded DNA probes include requirement for experimentally determined heat denaturation of chromosomes at high temperatures and at least overnight hybridization. Consequently, processing with chromosomal preparations may easily result in heat-induced deterioration of chromosomal structural details, is time-consuming, and involves the use of toxic formamide and formaldehyde. Here, I have described a simple and appealing non-toxic procedure with ethylene carbonate (EC)—a formamide-substituting solvent and double-stranded repetitive DNA probes. Applying EC as a component of the hybridization solution at 46 °C not only allowed successful overnight hybridization but also gave a possibility to reduce the hybridization time to 3 h, hence converting the technique into a 1-day procedure. Importantly, the EC-FISH tended to preserve well chromosome structural details, e.g., DAPI-positive bands, thus facilitating simultaneous FISH mapping and chromosome banding on the same slide. The procedure requires no formaldehyde and RNA-se treatment of chromosomes, and no heat denaturation of chromosomal DNA. The key condition is to obtain high-quality cytoplasm-free preparations. The method was reproducible in all the plants studied ( Allium , Nigella , Tradescantia , Vicia ), giving a species-specific signal pattern together with clear DAPI bands on chromosomes. The procedure described here is expected to give a positive stimulus for improving gene-mapping approaches in plants. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00709-019-01345-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…A fluorescent version of C-banding, "C-banding/DAPI" (Golczyk, 2011b), was also conducted. Briefly, in contrast with the conventional C-banding method, after hot saline treatment (23 SSC at 60°C), the preparations were mounted in DAPI-Vectashield medium instead of staining in Giemsa-phosphate buffer.…”

Section: C-banding: Conventional Giemsa C-banding and C-banding/dapimentioning

confidence: 99%

Translocations of Chromosome End-Segments and Facultative Heterochromatin Promote Meiotic Ring Formation in Evening Primroses

2014

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Due to reciprocal chromosomal translocations, many species of Oenothera (evening primrose) form permanent multichromosomal meiotic rings. However, regular bivalent pairing is also observed. Chiasmata are restricted to chromosomal ends, which makes homologous recombination virtually undetectable. Genetic diversity is achieved by changing linkage relations of chromosomes in rings and bivalents via hybridization and reciprocal translocations. Although the structural prerequisite for this system is enigmatic, whole-arm translocations are widely assumed to be the mechanistic driving force. We demonstrate that this prerequisite is genome compartmentation into two epigenetically defined chromatin fractions. The first one facultatively condenses in cycling cells into chromocenters negative both for histone H3 dimethylated at lysine 4 and for C-banding, and forms huge condensed middle chromosome regions on prophase chromosomes. Remarkably, it decondenses in differentiating cells. The second fraction is euchromatin confined to distal chromosome segments, positive for histone H3 lysine 4 dimethylation and for histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation. The end-segments are deprived of canonical telomeres but capped with constitutive heterochromatin. This genomic organization promotes translocation breakpoints between the two chromatin fractions, thus facilitating exchanges of end-segments. We challenge the whole-arm translocation hypothesis by demonstrating why reciprocal translocations of chromosomal end-segments should strongly promote meiotic rings and evolution toward permanent translocation heterozygosity. Reshuffled endsegments, each possessing a major crossover hot spot, can furthermore explain meiotic compatibility between genomes with different translocation histories.

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Structural Heterozygosity, Duplication of Telomeric (TTTAGGG)<sub>n</sub> Clusters and B Chromosome Architecture in <i>Tradescantia</i> <i>virginiana</i> L.

Cited by 7 publications

References 97 publications

B Chromosome Variants of the Grasshopper <b><i>Xyleus discoideus angulatus</i></b> Are Potentially Derived from Pericentromeric DNA

B Chromosome Variants of the Grasshopper <b><i>Xyleus discoideus angulatus</i></b> Are Potentially Derived from Pericentromeric DNA

A simple non-toxic ethylene carbonate fluorescence in situ hybridization (EC-FISH) for simultaneous detection of repetitive DNA sequences and fluorescent bands in plants

Translocations of Chromosome End-Segments and Facultative Heterochromatin Promote Meiotic Ring Formation in Evening Primroses

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