Structural heterogeneity of the soil tilled layer as characterized by 2D electrical resistivity surveying

Besson, Arlène; Cousin, Isabelle; Samouëlian, Anatja; Boizard, Hubert; Richard, Guy

doi:10.1016/j.still.2004.07.012

Cited by 112 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…The electrical resistivity of air is virtually infinite; therefore, a dry porous soil is in general more resistive than a compacted one. Besson et al (2004) used surface twodimensional ER tomography with the same settings as those adopted in our study to map soil structure in tilled layers. In their tomograms, soil compaction resulting from wheel traffic was clearly detected, and the plough pan was visible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical resistivity tomography to delineate greenhouse soil variability

Rossi¹,

Amato²,

Bitella³

et al. 2013

International Agrophysics

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Appropriate management of soil spatial variability is an important tool for optimizing farming inputs, with the result of yield increase and reduction of the environmental impact in field crops. Under greenhouses, several factors such as non-uniform irrigation and localized soil compaction can severely affect yield and quality. Additionally, if soil spatial variability is not taken into account, yield deficiencies are often compensated by extra-volumes of crop inputs; as a result, over-irrigation and overfertilization in some parts of the field may occur. Technology for spatially sound management of greenhouse crops is therefore needed to increase yield and quality and to address sustainability. In this experiment, 2D-electrical resistivity tomography was used as an exploratory tool to characterize greenhouse soil variability and its relations to wild rocket yield. Soil resistivity well matched biomass variation (R2=0.70), and was linked to differences in soil bulk density (R2=0.90), and clay content (R2=0.77). Electrical resistivity tomography shows a great potential in horticulture where there is a growing demand of sustainability coupled with the necessity of stabilizing yield and product quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical resistivity tomography to delineate greenhouse soil variability

Rossi¹,

Amato²,

Bitella³

et al. 2013

International Agrophysics

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“…In some cases, soil texture can dominate the resistivity pattern overshadowing soil structure and water-related properties (Banton et al 1997). For a given texture, though, soil structural state variation, by altering the proportions between water and air filled porosity, can exert a strong effect on resistivity; this is at the base of the successful use of high resolution resistivity tomography for mapping soil alterations induced by tillage (Besson et al 2004;Basso et al 2010). Basso and coauthors (2010) found that resistivity mapping allowed to discern between tilled, freshly tilled, and untilled soils better than penetrometry.…”

Section: Principles Of Geophysical Techniques For Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical Techniques for Plant, Soil, and Root Research Related to Sustainability

Bitella

Rossi

Loperte

et al. 2015

The Sustainability of Agro-Food and Natural Resource Systems in the Mediterranean Basin

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The sustainable management of human activities, from production to waste disposal and the cycling of finite resources, is one of the great challenges of research for the coming decades, stemming from societal needs and the growing awareness of environmental mechanisms.Research on geophysical methods provides an interdisciplinary approach to such challenges by addressing the need for techniques to assist in designing and monitoring strategies for sustainability in agriculture and other environment-related sciences.In the past few decades, technological advances have produced new tools or have improved existing techniques for near-surface geophysical investigation in a robust, cost-effective, and noninvasive way. Experimental results have proved that soil physical properties thus detected and mapped can be used as a proxy of physical, chemical, and biological features relevant for the appropriate management of soils, based on their behavior, spatial variability, and time dynamics.This chapter reviews principles of the techniques and reports selected research results on environmental and agronomic research.

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“…Measurement of parameters describing soil mechanical behaviour, such as shear strength and resistance to penetration, is also commonly used in soil compaction (Horn and Fleige 2003). Geophysical methods are increasingly applied in soil compaction studies, as non-invasive and less time and labour consuming (e. g., electrical resistivity tomography -ERT (Besson et al 2004) and apparent electrical conductivity -EC a (Al-Gaadi 2012;Brevik and Fenton 2004). ERT has been used to study the spatial and temporal variability of many soil physical properties (Samouelian et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ERT has been used to study the spatial and temporal variability of many soil physical properties (Samouelian et al 2005). It has been also applied to detect the effects of tillage in soil physical properties (Besson et al 2013;Rossi et al 2013), to describe soil tilled layer (Besson et al 2004), to estimate soil water content (Samouelian et al 2005;Seladji et al 2010;Dafonte et al 2013) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Farzamian et al 2015). Electric conduction occurs within the water-filled pores and at the surface of clay particles.…”

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Comparing effects of tillage treatments performed with animal traction on soil physical properties and soil electrical resistivity: preliminary experimental results

et al. 2017

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Open Agriculture. 2017; 2: 317-328 in BD observed after tillage in the 0-0.05 m soil depth increased after operations in all treatments. The increase was higher in the tractor sub-plot (15%) than in those where animal traction was used (8%). Before operation Ks class was rapid and fast in all samples, and after operation this value was reduced to 33% in T, whereas it reached 83% in C. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was useful as a tool to identify the alterations caused by tillage operations on soil physical status. These preliminary results confirm the potential of animal traction as an option for mountain agri-environments, yet it requires much wider research to soundly ground its assets.Keywords: Animal traction, Soil compaction, Saturated hydraulic conductivity, Electrical Resistivity Tomography IntroductionSoil structure degradation, often called soil compaction, is regarded as one of the most serious form of land degradation caused by conventional farming practices which negatively disturbs the soil physical status. According to the European Environmental Agency (2012) compaction is one of the key threats affecting soils. It occurs even in no-tillage systems because of the compressive forces applied to soil by tractor wheels (Batey 2009). Compaction alters soil structure by crushing aggregates or combining them into larger units, increase soil bulk density, and decrease the number of coarse pores (Needham et al. 2004;Delgado et al. 2007). The problem is magnified because, being mainly a subsurface phenomenon, soil compaction is commonly considered as the type of land degradation most difficult to locate and rationalise. Unlike erosion and salinity that give strong surface evidence of their presence, soil DOI 10.1515DOI 10. /opag-2017 Received January 31, 2017; accepted April 12, 2017 Abstract: Soil Compaction results from compressive forces applied to compressible soil by machinery wheels, combined with tillage operations. Draft animal-pulled equipment may also cause soil compaction, but a huge gap exists on experimental data to adequately assess their impacts and, actually, animal traction is an option seen with increasing potential to contribute to sustainable agriculture, especially in mountain areas. This study was conducted to assess the impacts on soil compaction of tillage operations with motor tractor and draft animals. In a farm plot (Vale de Frades, NE Portugal) treatments were applied in sub-plots (30 m x 3 m), consisting in a two way tillage with tractor (T), a pair of cows (C) and a pair of donkeys (D). Undisturbed soil samples (120) were taken before and after operations for bulk density (BD) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks). The relative changes

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Structural heterogeneity of the soil tilled layer as characterized by 2D electrical resistivity surveying

Cited by 112 publications

References 10 publications

Electrical resistivity tomography to delineate greenhouse soil variability

Electrical resistivity tomography to delineate greenhouse soil variability

Geophysical Techniques for Plant, Soil, and Root Research Related to Sustainability

Comparing effects of tillage treatments performed with animal traction on soil physical properties and soil electrical resistivity: preliminary experimental results

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